Anticoagulant activity of some Artemisia dracunculus leaf extracts

Abstract

Platelet hyperactivity and platelet interaction with endothelial cells contribute to the development and progression of many cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and thrombosis. The impact of platelet activity with different pharmacological agents, such as acetylsalicylic acid and coumarin derivatives, has been shown to be effective in the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Artemisia dracunculus, L. Asteraceae (Tarragon) is used for centuries in the daily diet in many Middle Eastern countries, and it is well known for its anticoagulant activity. The present study investigates the presence of coumarins in tarragon leaves and subsequently determines the extract with a major amount of coumarin derivatives. The solvents of different polarities and different pH values were used for the purpose of purifying the primary extract in order to obtain fractions with the highest coumarin content. Those extracts and fractions were investigated for their anticoagulant activity by determining prothrombin time (PT) and the international normalized ratio (INR), expressed in relation to the coagulation time of the healthy person. Purified extracts and fractions obtained from plant residue after essential oil distillation, concentrated in coumarin derivatives, showed the best anticoagulant activity, using samples of human blood. INR maximum value (2.34) and consequently the best anticoagulant activity showed the methanol extract at concentration of 5%. The INR value of normal plasma in testing this extract was 1.05.

Phytochemicals, Nutritional Value, Antioxidant, and Anticoagulant Activity of Lactuca sativa L. Leaves and Stems

“…The aPTT and PT values of heparin were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than other extracts as illustrated in Figures 3 and 4. play an integral role in the reduction of coagulation time (Duric et al, 2015;Ashwini & Asha, 2017;Moghadamtousi et al, 2013). Only the stems of each variety exhibited an effect on the intrinsic pathway by prolongation of aPTT.…”

Antagonists of Vitamin K—Popular Coumarin Drugs and New Synthetic and Natural Coumarin Derivatives

“…An extract obtained from a Melilotus officinalis plant used in a volume of 25, 50, and 75 µL showed a dose dependent prothrombin time of treated blood of 46 s, 140 s, and no-clot effect, respectively [116]. The extract was fractionated by column chromatography and anticoagulant activity was assessed for nine fractions, in which several coumarins were identified as: dicoumarol (18 in Figure 8 In Artemisia dracunculus leaf extract (collected from the Sarajevo district) five coumarin derivatives were identified (Table 3) and anticoagulation tests were done, which showed their dose dependent activity [117].…”

Therapeutic application of herbal essential oil and its bioactive compounds as complementary and alternative medicine in cardiovascular-associated diseases

“…Anti-coagulative, Anti-thrombotic and ibrinolysis effect: Heparin and coumarin derivatives are few of known anticoagulant compounds which help to reduce erythrocyte aggregation, platelet hyperactivity, arterial thrombosis and atherosclerosis, which were potentially useful to minimise the incidence of cardiovascular diseases (e.g coronary heart diseases myocardial infarction and cerebral arterial thrombosis) in human [85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92]. Particularly, Artemisia dracunculus leaves EO and F. Aurantii had a signi icant anticoagulative effect [87,88].…”