Anticoccidial potential of Ageratum conyzoides and its effect on Blood parameters of experimentally infected Broiler Chickens

Abstract

Coccidiosis is an infectious parasitic disease of poultry which causes heavy economic losses to commercial poultry industry. Coccidiosis has been generally controlled by using different synthetic anticoccidial drugs but, due to development of resistance to these drugs this method is losing its effectiveness. Exploration of novel and alternative compounds against avian coccidiosis is need of time now a days. In this regard, medicinal plants can serve as substitute to these synthetic anticoccidials. Thus, to find out alternative novel agents, current research was designed to evaluate the anticoccidial potential of Ageratum conyzoides extract (ACE). For in vivo experiment, 105 broiler chicks were purchased and further divided into 7 sub-groups (15 birds in each group). At 7th day of experiment, Groups A, B and C were fed with plant extract at 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg respectively. Group D was supplemented with Vitamin-E while, Group E and F remained as infected medicated and infected un-medicated control groups and served with standard medicine (Baycox®) and Phosphate Buffer Saline (PBS) respectively. Moreover, Group G served as normal control group. At day 14th of experiment, all groups except rom Group G were orally infected with 60,000 sporulated oocysts of mixed Eimeria species. Anticoccidial potential of ACE was evaluated on the basis of lesion scores, fecal scores, oocyst scores and feed conversion ratio. Furthermore, the effect of ACE on the serum chemistry was also evaluated to check toxicity of plant extract if any. The results were compared with standard medicine (Baycox®). On the basis of results, ACE showed anticoccidial activity by reducing fecal, lesion and oocyst scores in infected chicks (P<0.05). ACE also improved FCR of infected chicks. Moreover, ACE exhibited positive effects on serum chemistry of broiler chickens (P<0.05).

Anticoccidial activity of natural plants extracts mixture against Eimeria tenella: An in vitro and in vivo study

“…Plant extracts and essential oils have low risk of resistance development. Various plant extracts and essential oils exhibit anticoccidial activity by preventing infection or parasite dispersion (19)(20)(21)(22). PGE reduces the oocyst output of ETinfected chickens, while increasing the feed conversion ratio (FCR) and average weight, indicating the potential for coccidiosis control (23).…”

Essential Oil of Carvone Chemotype Lippia alba (Verbenaceae) Regulates Lipid Mobilization and Adipogenesis in Adipocytes

“…The essential oils (EOs) distilled from aromatic plants have been confirmed to provide an effect like current therapeutic approaches, and previous studies demonstrated the reversal of obesity in Wistar rats fed high carbohydrate diets [ 10 ]. EOs have many biological properties, including antioxidant activity from having redox properties, allowing them to neutralize free radicals, and anti-inflammatory, by inhibiting the release of histamine and the activation of inflammatory mediators [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. Recently, the effects of some compounds present in medicinal plants on adipocytes have been evaluated with a favorable effect on these cells [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ], adipocyte number, and oxidative stress [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ].…”

“…Some of these plants have been shown to have antidiabetic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties [ 3 , 6 , 10 , 11 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ], including Lippia spp, which has been confirmed in previous studies to influence adipocyte functionality by decreasing lipogenesis, reversing the hypertrophic state, and generating changes in lipolysis and adipogenesis [ 33 ]. Specifically, Lippia citriodora showed an effect on some important genes in adipogenesis (CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein Alpha ( Cebpa) and Peroxisome Proliferator- activated receptor gamma ( Pparg )) and, therefore, modifies lipid accumulation, decreases adipocyte hypertrophy, and affects adipokine release after treatment for 48 h at concentrations of 50 to 400 µg/mL in 3T3-L1 adipocytes [ 33 ].…”

In Vitro Susceptibility of Cryptosporidium parvum to Plant Antiparasitic Compounds

“…Natural products with antiparasitic activity could play an important role in combating these protozoan parasites. Traditional medicinal plants and their derivatives have shown favourable results against various parasitic infections [ 15 , 16 , 17 ].…”