Anticonvulsant effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids in rats, using the cortical stimulation model

Voskuyl, R.A.; Vreugdenhil, Martin; Kang, Jing; Leaf, Alexander

doi:10.1016/s0014-2999(97)01467-2

Cited by 133 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Free LCPUFA modulate the inactivation of Ca and Na channels (Leaf & Kang, 1997). In addition to the anti-arrhythmic consequences for cardiac myocytes, there are also changes in cation currents in hippocampal neurons (Vreugdenhil et al 1996) and a higher seizure threshold in rat cortex (Voskuyl et al 1998). These effects appear to depend on free extracellular LCPUFA concentration and not on membrane phospholipid composition (Weylandt et al 1996).…”

Section: Essential Fatty Acid Supply Affects Lipid Membrane Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Essential fatty acids in early life: structural and functional role

2000

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Essential fatty acids (EFA) are structural components of all tissues and are indispensable for cell membrane synthesis; the brain, retina and other neural tissues are particularly rich in long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA). These fatty acids serve as specific precursors for eicosanoids that regulate numerous cell and organ functions. Results from animal and recent human studies support the essential nature of n-3 EFA in addition to the well-established role of n-6 EFA for human subjects, particularly in early life. The most significant effects relate to neural development and maturation of sensory systems. Recent studies using stable-isotope-labelled tracers demonstrate that even preterm infants are able to form arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), but that synthesis is extremely low. Intracellular fatty acids or their metabolites regulate transcriptional activation of gene expression during adipocyte differentiation, and retinal and nervous system development. Regulation of gene expression by LCPUFA occurs at the transcriptional level and is mediated by nuclear transcription factors activated by fatty acids. These nuclear receptors are part of the steroid hormone receptor family. Two types of polyunsaturated fatty acid responsive transcription factors have been characterized, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) and the hepatic nuclear factor 4α. DHA also has significant effects on photoreceptor membranes involved in the signal transduction process, rhodopsin activation, and rod and cone development. Comprehensive clinical studies have shown that dietary supplementation with marine oil or single-cell oils, sources of LCPUFA, results in increased blood levels of DHA and AA, as well as an associated improvement in visual function in formula-fed premature infants to match that of human milk-fed infant. Recent clinical trials convincingly support LCPUFA supplementation of preterm infant formulations and possibly term formula to mimic human milk composition.

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Section: Essential Fatty Acid Supply Affects Lipid Membrane Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Essential fatty acids in early life: structural and functional role

2000

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“…As noted above, Voskyul et al had demonstrated anticonvulsant effects of both DHA and EPA in studies involving acute infusions (Voskuyl et al, 1998). We therefore tested the acute administration of DHA dissolved with albumin against maximal PTZ seizures.…”

Section: Recent Work At the University Of Torontomentioning

confidence: 84%

“…infusion of various fatty acids, including DHA and EPA, resulted in an increase in seizure threshold in a cortical stimulation seizure model in Wistar rats (Voskuyl et al, 1998). The infusion lasted for 30 minutes.…”

Section: Evidence For the Anticonvulsant Effects Of The N-3 Pufas In mentioning

confidence: 99%

1. The anticonvulsant effects of docosahexaenoic acid in rodents

Trépanier

Burnham

2013

Clinical Neurophysiology

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“…In the in vivo model, in rats in which temporal lobe epilepsy was induced by kainic acid, linoleic acid administration was found to prevent epileptiform activity and also decrease the hippocampal damage that occurs during seizures (13). Moreover, in a study where various PUFAs were given to rats in which a cortical stimulation model was established, it was found that PUFAs had an anticonvulsant effect and that this effect lasted for 6 h and had completely disappeared by the following day (21). In the studies mentioned above and in our study, it was shown that PUFAs had an anticonvulsant effect and this effect lasted for 6 h. In particular, in a very recent study conducted in rats with the same PTZ model used in our study, the combined use of linoleic and α-linoleic acid was found to increase the resistance to PTZ seizures (17).…”

Section: In Terms Of Convulsive Epilepsymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The opening of K + channels, however, is an event that causes hyperpolarization by increasing K + efflux. All of these mechanisms may decrease the neuronal excitability and aggravate the absence seizures, contrary to convulsive seizures, by shifting the neurotransmitter balance towards the inhibitory side (21).…”

Section: In Terms Of Nonconvulsive Epilepsy (Absence)mentioning

confidence: 99%