Anticonvulsant effects of zonisamide and phenytoin on seizure activity of the feline visual cortex

Wada, Yuji; Hasegawa, Hidehiro; Okuda, Hiroshi; Yamaguchi, Nariyoshi

doi:10.1016/s0387-7604(12)80326-3

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This observation was supported by electroencephalographic studies (30,31) which showed that ZNS restricted the spread of cortical seizures evoked by electrical stimulation and prevented cortical focal spikes elicited by cortical freezing from developing into generalized seizures in cats. ZNS suppressed focal seizure activity in the cat cortex due to electrical stimulation and produced a dose-related significant increase in afterdischarge threshold (103).…”

Section: Anticonvulsant Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 91%

Zonisamide: Pharmacology and Clinical Efficacy in Epilepsy

1998

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Anticonvulsant Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 91%

Zonisamide: Pharmacology and Clinical Efficacy in Epilepsy

1998

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Zonisamide was shown to be an effective anticonvulsant agent against maximal electroshock (MES) seizures in several animal species, being more potent than phenytoin and carbamazepine . It was also shown to be effective against partial seizures, reducing amygdala‐kindled seizures in rats and cats , hippocampus‐kindled seizures in rats , and kindled generalized seizures to partial seizures in cats . In addition, zonisamide was shown to be effective against tonic‐clonic and myoclonic seizures in the genetic animal model of reflex epilepsy in the Mongolian gerbil and to suppress tonic seizures in spontaneously epileptic rats .…”

Section: Pharmacologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, zonisamide was shown to be effective against tonic‐clonic and myoclonic seizures in the genetic animal model of reflex epilepsy in the Mongolian gerbil and to suppress tonic seizures in spontaneously epileptic rats . In several experimental animal models, zonisamide was shown to prevent spread of epileptiform activity in the cortex .…”

Section: Pharmacologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Zonisamide: its pharmacology, efficacy and safety in clinical trials

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Zonisamide is a benzisoxazole derivative, chemically unrelated to other antiepileptic drugs, that appears to have multiple mechanisms of action, including inhibition of Na(+) channels and reduction of T-type Ca(2+) currents. It is currently licensed in Europe and the USA for adjunctive treatment of partial seizures in adults, and in Europe as monotherapy for treatment of partial seizures in adults with newly diagnosed epilepsy. Zonisamide displays predictable, dose-dependent pharmacokinetics and has a half-life of ~60 h, allowing once- or twice-daily administration. It has a low potential for interactions with other medications, including oral contraceptives. The clinical efficacy of adjunctive zonisamide therapy has been established in four pivotal, phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials, which together included approximately 850 patients, aged 12-77 years, with refractory partial epilepsy. In all four trials, zonisamide 300-600 mg/day resulted in significant reductions in median total seizure rates vs placebo, and zonisamide was generally well tolerated; the most frequently reported adverse events being somnolence, dizziness and anorexia/weight loss. Subanalysis of the primary European trial indicated that zonisamide was effective when administered as first-line adjunctive treatment, and a long-term extension to the same trial demonstrated that the efficacy and safety/tolerability of adjunctive zonisamide was sustained for up to 36 months. Once-daily monotherapy with zonisamide (200-500 mg/day) has been shown to be non-inferior to, and as well tolerated as, twice-daily monotherapy with controlled-release carbamazepine (400-1200 mg/day) in adults with newly diagnosed partial epilepsy. Zonisamide has also been shown to have favourable long-term retention rates, an important indication of its overall effectiveness.

show abstract

“…Like carbamazepine and phenytoin, zonisamide prevents the tonic extensor component of maximal electroshock in mice, rats, rabbits, and dogs; restricts the spread of focal seizures created by electrical stimulation of the visual cortex in cats; and prevents propagation of seizures to subcortical structures in visual cortex-kindled cats. 7,8 In addition, zonisamide suppresses spikes induced by cortical application of tungstic acid gel in rats, an effect shared with valproate but not carbamazepine or phenytoin. Both zonisamide and valproate abolish spike-wave discharges produced by application of conjugated estrogens to the cortex of cats.…”

Section: Oxcarbazepinementioning

confidence: 99%

Three New Drugs for Epilepsy: Levetiracetam, Oxcarbazepine, and Zonisamide

Leppik

2002

J Child Neurol

182

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

During the last decade, nine new antiepileptic drugs were approved for use by the US Food and Drug Administration. The characteristics of three of these new antiepileptic drugs-levetiracetam, oxcarbazepine, and zonisamide--are reviewed here. Their individual characteristics, including mechanism of action, efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics, are compared, and their effectiveness in treating specific seizure types is noted. As with all antiepileptic drugs, the efficacy, side-effect, and pharmacokinetic profiles must be matched to each individual's clinical profile to attain the maximum benefit. All three are unique and will be useful in expanding the aggregate of therapies available to clinicians treating diverse epilepsy syndromes and seizure types. This review focuses on results in adults; pediatric experience is reported in other articles in this supplement.

show abstract

Anticonvulsant effects of zonisamide and phenytoin on seizure activity of the feline visual cortex

Cited by 20 publications

References 9 publications

Zonisamide: Pharmacology and Clinical Efficacy in Epilepsy

Zonisamide: Pharmacology and Clinical Efficacy in Epilepsy

Zonisamide: its pharmacology, efficacy and safety in clinical trials

Three New Drugs for Epilepsy: Levetiracetam, Oxcarbazepine, and Zonisamide

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About