Anticonvulsant Medications: New Drug Update

Dennis, Clarke St.; Synoground, G

doi:10.1177/105984059701300105

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…This finding is consistent with reports that repeated psychostimulant treatment does not produce long-term sensitization in young rats (Fujiwara et al, 1987;Kolta et al, 1990;McDougall, Duke, Bolanos, & Crawford, 1994;Ujike et al, 1995), suggesting that the critical period for behavioral sensitization may be a late-developing effect, one that occurs after the 3rd week of rat postnatal life and corresponds to the period of presynaptic dopamine autoreceptor formation in the rat brain (Hedner & Lundborg, 1985;Murrin et al, 1985). This finding in rodent models is consistent with the generally held belief that prolonged psychostimulant administration does not increase the likelihood of current or future drug abuse among children and adolescents (Klein & Wender, 1995;Levin & Kleber, 1995;Spencer et al, 1996;St. Dennis & Synoground, 1996).…”

Section: Long-term Effects On Locomotor Activitysupporting

confidence: 91%

Long-term behavioral effects in a rat model of prolonged postnatal morphine exposure.

Craig¹,

Bajic²

2015

Behavioral Neuroscience

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Prolonged morphine treatment in neonatal pediatric populations is associated with a high incidence of opioid tolerance and dependence. Despite the clinical relevance of this problem, our knowledge of the long-term consequences is sparse. The main objective of this study was to investigate whether prolonged morphine administration in a neonatal rat is associated with long-term behavioral changes in adulthood. Newborn animals received either morphine (10mg/kg) or equal volume of saline subcutaneously twice daily for the first 2 weeks of life. Morphine treated animals underwent 10 days of morphine weaning to reduce the potential for observable physical signs of withdrawal. Animals were subjected to non-stressful testing (locomotor activity recording and a Novel-Object Recognition test) at a young age (PD27-31) or later in adulthood (PD55-56), as well as stressful testing (calibrated forceps test, Hot Plate test, and Forced Swim test) only in adulthood. Analysis revealed that prolonged neonatal morphine exposure resulted in decreased thermal, but not mechanical threshold. Importantly, no differences were found for total locomotor activity (proxy of drug reward/reinforcement behavior), individual Forced Swim test behaviors (proxy of affective processing), or Novel-Object Recognition test. Performance on the Novel-Object Recognition test was compromised in the morphine treated group at the young age, however the effect disappeared in adulthood. These novel results provide insight into the long-term consequences of opioid treatment during an early developmental period and suggest long-term neuroplastic differences in sensory processing related to thermal stimuli.

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