Antidepressant efficacy of two different rTMS procedures

Höppner, Jacqueline; Schulz, Merten; Irmisch, G.; Mau, Regina; Schläfke, Detlef; Richter, Joachim

doi:10.1007/s00406-003-0416-7

Cited by 112 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Contrary to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) (Schulze-Rauschenbach et al 2005), the majority of studies show that rTMS has no clear deleterious effects, though the secondary nature of such data collection means that overall there is a dearth of information on this topic (Anderson et al 2006; Guse et al 2010). Some clinical trials have found rTMS to be associated with improvements across several cognitive domains (Fitzgerald et al 2009; Hoppner et al 2003). For example, Mogg et al (2007) found that 10 Hz rTMS led to a significant improvement in verbal learning among patients with schizophrenia, whilst Martis et al (2003) found that 10 Hz rTMS resulted in significant improvements across various cognitive domains, including executive functioning and memory among patients with depression (Mogg et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of the effects of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on cognition

et al. 2016

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rTMS is increasingly used for a variety of neuropsychiatric conditions. There are data to support ‘fast’ rTMS (≥10 Hz) having some positive effects on cognitive functioning, but a dearth of research looking at any such effects of ‘slow’ rTMS. This question is important as cognitive dysfunction accompanies many neuropsychiatric conditions and neuromodulation that potentially enhances or hinders such functioning has important clinical consequences. To determine cognitive effects of slow (≤1 Hz) rTMS, a systematic review of randomized control trials assayed cognition in neurological, psychiatric, and healthy volunteer ≤1 Hz rTMS paradigms. Both active (fast rTMS) and placebo comparators were included. 497 Records were initially obtained; 20 met inclusion criteria for evaluation. Four major categories emerged: mood disorders; psychotic disorders; cerebrovascular accidents; and ‘other’ (PTSD, OCD, epilepsy, anxiety, and tinnitus). Cognitive effects were measured across several domains: attention, executive functioning, learning, and psychomotor speed. Variability of study paradigms and reporting precluded meta-analytical analysis. No statistically significant improvement or deterioration was consistently found in any cognitive domain or illness category. These data support the overall safety of rTMS in not adversely affecting cognitive functioning. There are some data indicating that rTMS might have cognitive enhancing potential, but these are too limited at this time to make any firm conclusions, and the literature is marked by considerable heterogeneity in study parameters that hinder interpretation. Greater consensus is required in future studies in cognitive markers, and particularly in reporting of protocols. Future work should evaluate the effects of rTMS on cognitive training.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of the effects of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on cognition

et al. 2016

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“…However, it is interesting that the improvement noted in the open phase was in verbal memory; the same area of neuropsychological function that has shown improvements in three previous studies 21,22,29 . Differences in stimulation parameters may account for why not all studies find improvements, as two of the studies that found neuropsychological improvements used 20 Hz stimulation 23,24 , whereas most studies that failed to find the key time by treatment interaction used 10 Hz TMS, as we did 13,15-17,22 . More randomized controlled studies with larger sample sizes are needed to clarify whether TMS has positive effects on verbal memory or other domains of neuropsychological functioning, and whether this is dependent upon TMS stimulation parameters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Further, in some studies, TMS, compared to sham stimulation, improves verbal memory 21,22 , cognitive flexibility and conceptual tracking 23 , and motor retardation 24 . Similar to the results of sham-controlled studies, some open studies have also found TMS treatment to be associated with either no change in neuropsychological test scores 25-28 or improvements in verbal memory 29-31 , reaction time 32 , concept-shifting 31 and attention 33,34 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No Change in Neuropsychological Functioning After Receiving Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Treatment for Major Depression

Wajdik¹,

Claypoole²,

Fawaz³

et al. 2014

The Journal of ECT

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Early studies of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) have shown no adverse effects on neuropsychological function. However, further research is needed using higher TMS intensities, a greater number of TMS pulses, and larger sample sizes. We studied 68 patients with Major Depressive Disorder who were randomized to receive either 15 sessions of sham or real TMS at 110% of the estimated prefrontal cortex threshold to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Each session consisted of 32 5-second trains of 10 Hz repetitive TMS at 110% adjusted motor threshold. A total of 24,000 pulses were given. Neuropsychological function was assessed before and immediately after TMS treatment with a battery of 8 tests. Using a higher TMS intensity, a greater number of pulses and a larger sample size compared to most previous studies, this study found no negative neuropsychological effects of TMS. Changes in neuropsychological function were unrelated to changes in depression.

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“…While the impact of starting a combination between rTMS and an AD at the same time is still poorly studied, some authors support the hypothesis that this association could shorten the AD treatment delay of action (Poulet et al, 2004; Rumi et al, 2005). On the other hand, there is growing evidence that HF LDLPFC is as effective as low frequency (LF) rTMS applied to the right DLPFC (RDLPFC) in the treatment of depressive episode (Höppner et al, 2003; Isenberg et al, 2005; Stern et al, 2007; Fitzgerald et al, 2009; Pallanti et al, 2010; Rossini et al, 2010). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low- vs High-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation as an Add-On Treatment for Refractory Depression

Eche¹,

Mondino²,

Haesebaert³

et al. 2012

Front. Psychiatry

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Objectives: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) seems to be effective as an antidepressant, however, some confusion remains about the best parameters to apply and the efficacy of its association with pharmacological antidepressant treatments. Method: In a single blind randomized study 14 patients with unipolar resistant depression to one antidepressant treatment were enrolled to receive, in combination with venlafaxine (150 mg), either 20 sessions of 10 Hz rTMS (2000 pulses per session) applied over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) or 20 sessions of 1 Hz rTMS (120 stimulations per sessions) applied over the right DLPFC. Results: A similar antidepressant effect was observed in both groups with a comparable antidepressant delay of action (2 weeks) and a comparable number of responders (MADRS < 15) after 4 weeks of daily rTMS sessions (66 vs 50%). Conclusion: Low- and high- frequency rTMS seems to be effective as an add-on treatment to venlafaxine as monotherapy in pharmacological refractory major depression (stage 1). Due to its short duration (one session of 1 Hz rTMS lasts 4 min vs 16 for 10 Hz rTMS) and its safety, low frequency rTMS may be a useful alternative treatment for patients with refractory depression.

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Antidepressant efficacy of two different rTMS procedures

Cited by 112 publications

References 40 publications

A systematic review of the effects of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on cognition

A systematic review of the effects of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on cognition

No Change in Neuropsychological Functioning After Receiving Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Treatment for Major Depression

Low- vs High-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation as an Add-On Treatment for Refractory Depression

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