“…This finding is in line with the increase in baseline HR observed in Sprague–Dawley rats following repeated exposure to social defeat (Sévoz-Couche et al, 2013 ). However, Sprague–Dawley rats seem to be selectively susceptible to resting tachycardia induced by repeated social defeat once studies did not identify changes in baseline HR in either mice (Bartolomucci et al, 2003 ; Costoli et al, 2004 ; Carnevali et al, 2012 ) or wide-type Groningen (Sgoifo et al, 2001 ; Carnevali et al, 2013b ), Long-Evans (Tornatzky and Miczek, 1993 ), Wistar-Kyoto (Carnevali et al, 2015 ), Lister hooded (Chung et al, 1999 ), and Dahl-s (Adams and Blizard, 1986 ; Adams et al, 1987 ) rats. Nevertheless, differences in experimental protocol may also account for the differences in findings of autonomic/cardiovascular changes because exposures to social defeat in different studies ranged from 5 to 25 days (Table 2 ).…”