Antidepressant-Like Effects of Ethanol Extract of Ziziphus jujuba Mill Seeds in Mice

Abstract

The antidepressant-like activity of ethanol extract of Ziziphus jujuba Mill var. spinosa seeds (Semen Ziziphi Spinosae, SZS) was investigated by behavioral tests, such as a forced swimming test (FST), a tail-suspension test (TST), and an open field test (OFT), using mice exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). In the TST, immobility times of the extract-treated groups E100 and E300 (CUMS + 100 and 300 mg/kg extract, respectively) were significantly decreased in a dose-dependent manner compared with the negative control (CUMS; p < 0.01, though those of E100 and E300 were higher than those of the positive control (CUMS + 15 mg/kg fluoxetine). In the FST, immobility times of E100 and E300 were decreased compared to the normal control. In the OFT, total and zone distances of E100 and E300 were significantly higher than those of negative controls (p < 0.01) with a dose dependency. In liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis after behavioral tests, norepinephrine (NE) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) levels in the hippocampus tissues of E100 and E300 were significantly higher than those of negative controls. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in the hippocampus tissues of E100 and E300 were higher than those of negative controls. From these results, the SZS ethanol extract exhibited significant antidepressant-like effects via immobility decrease, distance increase, hippocampal NE and 5-HT increase, and BDNF expression. These results suggest that the extract could be a potential antidepressant agent.

Effects of Ziziphus Jujuba Extract Alone and Combined with Boswellia Serrata Extract on Monosodium Iodoacetate Model of Osteoarthritis in Mice

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Komparasi Kandungan Fitokimia Serta Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Daun Dan Buah Tanaman Bidara (Z. Mauritiana Lam.)

“…Hal ini sejalan dengan beberapa penelitian yang menyebutkan bahwa tanaman bidara memiliki efek antidepresan. 23,24,25 Dipercaya bahwa komponen pada ekstrak bidara bekerja melalui sistem serotonergik and noradrenergik untuk memberikan efek anticemas dan antidepresi. 25…”

Ameliorative Effect of Medicarpin on Scopolamine-Induced Cognitive Impairment in Mice

“…Naïve male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice (n = 8 per group; age, 5 weeks; weight, 25-30 g) were supplied by ORIENT BIO (Seongnam, Republic of Korea). Animals were housed in standard conditions: temperature at 25 ± 2 • C, relative humidity at 60 ± 10%, under a 12 h light (07:00-19:00)/12 h dark cycle [49,50]. Animals were randomly divided into 5 groups: control, negative (5 mg/kg scopolamine, Scop); positive (Scop + 5 mg/kg donepezil), low-dose MC (Scop + 5 mg/kg MC), and high-dose MC (Scop + 15 mg/kg MC).…”