The 5-hydroxytryptamine 2C (5-HT 2C ) receptor subtype has received considerable attention as a target for drug discovery, having been implicated in a wide variety of disorders. Here, we describe the in vitro pharmacological profile of the novel 5-HT 2C receptor-selective agonist vabicaserin [(Ϫ)-4,5,6,7,9,9a,10, 11,12,12a-decahydrocyclopenta[c] [1,4]diazepino[6,7,1-ij]quinoline hydrochloride] (SCA-136), including a comprehensive strategy to assess 5-HT 2B receptor selectivity using diverse preparations and assays of receptor activation. Vabicaserin displaced 125 I-(2,5-dimethoxy)phenylisopropylamine binding from human 5-HT 2C receptor sites in Chinese hamster ovary cell membranes with a K i value of 3 nM and was Ͼ50-fold selective over a number of serotonergic, noradrenergic, and dopaminergic receptors. Binding affinity determined for the human 5-HT 2B receptor subtype using [ 3 H]5HT was 14 nM. Vabicaserin was a potent and full agonist (EC 50 , 8 nM; E max , 100%) in stimulating 5-HT 2C receptorcoupled calcium mobilization and exhibited 5-HT 2A receptor antagonism and 5-HT 2B antagonist or partial agonist activity in transfected cells, depending on the level of receptor expression. In rat stomach fundus and human colonic longitudinal muscle endogenously expressing 5-HT 2B receptors, vabicaserin failed to induce a 5-HT 2B receptor-dependent contraction and produced a rightward shift of the 5-HT and ␣-methyl-5-HT concentration-response curves in these preparations, respectively, consistent with 5-HT 2B competitive antagonism. Likewise, vabicaserin failed to induce a 5-HT 2B receptor-mediated contraction in arteries from deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt-treated rats, a model of hypersensitized 5-HT 2B receptor function, and produced a rightward shift in the 5-HT-induced response that was consistent with 5-HT 2B receptor antagonism. In summary, vabicaserin is a novel, potent, and selective 5-HT 2C receptor agonist.