Antidiabetic Activities of an LC/MS Fingerprinted Aqueous Extract of Fagonia cretica L. in Preclinical Models

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease and one of the most important public health challenges facing mankind. is a medicinal plant used widely in the Punjab in Pakistan. A recent survey has demonstrated that traditional healers and herbalists frequently use this plant to treat diabetes. In the current study, the traditional medicine was prepared as a tea, and the profile of the main metabolites present in the traditional medicine was analysed via LC/MS/MS. The extract was shown to contain a number of phenolic glycosides including quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, kaempferol-3-O-glycoside, kaempferol-3(6'-malonylglucoside), isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside, and isorhamnetin 3-(6″-malonylglucoside) in addition to two unidentified sulphonated saponins. The traditional medicine inhibits-glucosidase with an IC of 4.62 µg/mL. The hypoglycaemic effect of the traditional medicine was evaluated in normoglycaemic and streptozotocin-treated diabetic rats, using glibenclamide as an internal control. The preparation (250 or 500 mg/kg body weight) was administered once a day for 21 consecutive days. The dose of 500 mg/kg was effective in the management of the disease, causing a 45 % decrease in the plasma glucose level at the end of the experimental period. Histological analysis of pancreatic sections confirmed that streptozotocin/nictotinamide treatment caused destruction of pancreatic islet cells, while pancreatic sections from the treatment groups showed that both the extract and glibenclamide partially prevented this deterioration. The mechanism of this protective effect is unclear. However, such a finding suggests that ingestion of the tea could confer additional benefits and should be investigated further.

Multitarget protection of Pterospartum tridentatum phenolic‐rich extracts against a wide range of free radical species, antidiabetic activity and effects on human colon carcinoma (Caco‐2) cells

“…Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia accompanied by disturbances in carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolisms due to inadequate secretion of insulin, insulin's action, or both. The hyperglycaemia is the hallmark of DM causing long‐term damage, dysfunction, and failure of various organs (Nazir et al., 2017). The α ‐glucosidase enzyme is an important factor in carbohydrate digestion and it has been targeted as a means to control and lower postprandial hyperglycaemia, which is the first sign of metabolic abnormality (Nazir et al., 2017; Silva & Teixeira, 2015).…”

Antidiabetic Potential of Medicinal Plants and Their Active Components

“…The corresponding IC 50 values in μg/mL are in parentheses. Beyeria leshnaultii (0.39) [136] Mucuna pruriens (0.8) [136] Acacia ligulata (1.01) [136] Pterocarpus marsupium (1.01) [136] Boerhaavia diffusa (1.72) [136]Hydroalcoholic extract of Juniperus oxycedrus (4.4) [142] Fagonia cretica (4.62) [143] Santalum spicatum (5.16) [136] Rhizoma fagopyri , Rosa rugosa , Caulis polygoni , Fructus amomi , Rhizoma alpiniae officinarum , Folium ginkgo , and Cortex cinnamomi (49 to 3385.5) [109]Methanol extract of Marrubium radiatum (68.8) [137]Methanol–water extract of Eugenia polyantha (71) [144]Methanol extract of Salvia acetabulosa (76.9) [137]Hydroalcoholic extracts of Ludwigia octovalvis (202) [145]Hydroalcoholic extracts of Camellia sinensis (299) [145] Aralia elata (450) [146]Hydroalcoholic extracts of Iostephane heterophylla (509) [145] Cinnamomum zeylanicum (670) [147] Nelumbo nucifera (1860) [140]Aqueous extract of Costus pictus (2510) [141]…”

Glucose-lowering activity of dark tea protein extract by modulating spleen–brain axis of diabetic mice

“…Network analysis demonstrated that the differential genes in spleen were primarily mapped into two sub-networks ( Figure 1C Previous studies indicated that Annona muricata aqueous extract (100mg/kg) could significantly reduce by 72.6% of blood glucose level on day 21 (10) . The aqueous extract of Fagonia cretica caused a 45% decrease in the plasma glucose level at the end of the experimental period (21 days) with the dose of 500 mg/kg (11) .…”