Antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of Toddalia asiatica (L.) Lam. leaves in Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats

Irudayaraj, Santiagu Stephen; Sunil, Christudas; Duraipandiyan, Veeramuthu; Ignacimuthu, Savarimuthu

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2012.07.006

Cited by 101 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetes is characterized by severe reduction in body weight due to increased the muscle destruction or degradation of structural proteins. 27 When diabetic rats were treated with Diabac, it showed an improvement in body weight as compared to untreated diabetic rats, which may be due to its protective effect in controlling the muscle wasting i.e. reversal of gluconeogenesis and the improvement in glycemic control.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-hyperglycemic and Anti-lipidemic activities of Diabac (a polyherbal formulation) in Streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type 2 diabetic rats

Agrawal¹,

Maheshwari²,

Balaraman³

et al. 2015

Phcog J

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Aim: The objective of the work was to investigate the antidiabetic activity of Diabac (a polyherbal formulation) in streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type 2 diabetic rats. Methods: Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed to evaluate effect of Diabac on elevated glucose level. The type 2 diabetes was induced by overnight fasted rats by a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 65 mg/kg streptozotocin, 15 min. after the i.p. administration of 110 mg/kg nicotinamide. The diabetic rats were treated with Diabac (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg, p.o.) or glibenclamide (5 mg/kg, p.o) for four week. Various parameters were studied such as fasting blood sugar level, serum insulin levels, glycated hemoglobin (HbA 1C ), serum lipid levels, se rum creatinine, urea, uric acid and liver glycogen. Results: Treatment with Diabac significantly reduced the blood sugar levels in OGTT. Diabetic rats showed a significant increase in the levels of glycated hemoglobin, serum lipids, serum creatinine, urea and uric acid, whereas there was a decrease in serum insulin, liver glycogen and HDL-C levels as compared to normal control rats. The administration of Diabac or glibenclamide significantly decreased the levels of glycated hemoglobin, TG, TC, LDL-C, serum creatinine, urea and uric acid, whereas there was an increase in the levels of liver glycogen and HDL-C as compared to diabetic control rats. However, the treatment with Diabac did not show any significant change in serum insulin levels as compared to diabetic control rats. Conclusion: These results of present study concluded that Diabac has anti-diabetic and anti-lipidemic activities which are responsible for its use in traditional medicine.Key words: Diabac, Glycated hemoglobin, Liver glycogen, Serum lipids, Streptozotocin. SUMMARY• Administration of Diabac (250, 500 and 5000 mg/kg), a polyherbal formulation to the STZ-nicotinamide induced diabetes resulted in a decrease the levels of fasting blood sugar, glycated hemoglobin, TG, TC, LDL-C, serum creatinine, urea and uric acid, while there was an increase in the levels of liver glycogen and HDL-C as compared to diabetic control rats. PICTORIAL ABSTRACT INTRODUCTIONDiabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from the defects in insulin secretion, insulin resistance or both.1 It is considered to be one of the five foremost causes of death in the world.2 There are reports that incidence of diabetes mellitus was 2.8% in 2000 and is expected to be increase to 4.4% in 2030.3 For a long time, diabetes mellitus has been treated with a number of medicinal plants or their extracts based on folklore medicine. 4 The oral hypoglycemic agents (sulfonylurea, biguanide, thiazolidinedione, α-glycosidase inhibitor and DPP-IV inhibitor) can produce several undesirable side effects and in addition, they are not suitable for use in pregnancy.5 Thus, the management of diabetes without any side effects is still a challenge. Therefore, the search for more effective and safer hypoglycemic agents has co...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-hyperglycemic and Anti-lipidemic activities of Diabac (a polyherbal formulation) in Streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type 2 diabetic rats

Agrawal¹,

Maheshwari²,

Balaraman³

et al. 2015

Phcog J

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“…The activities of glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase in diabetic rats showed a reduction in the concentrations of these enzymes which is similarly mentioned by other authors 28,29 . Hyperglycaemia results in the increased enzymatic conversion of glucose to the polyalcohol sorbitol with concomitant decreases in NADPH and glutathione 29,30 . The resulting loss of antioxidant reducing equivalents as glutathione results in enhanced sensitivity to oxidative stress associated with intracellular ROS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2015

IJPSR

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ABSTRACT:The present study was to investigate the antioxidant activity of aqueous bark extract of Spondias pinnata (Linn. f.) Kurz (Family: Anacardiaceae) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by the activities of liver enzymes, antioxidant enzymes, and the extent of lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the liver of streptozotocin (STZ) -diabetic rats. S. pinnata extract decreased the LPO by 17%, activities of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase decreased by 20%, 17% and 36% respectively (P<0.05). The liver reduced glutathione, activities of glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione S-transferase of plant extract treated diabetic rats were increased by 43%, 44%, 69% and 52% respectively (P<0.05). The light microscopic appearance of the liver tissue in S. pinnata treated rats has corroborated the biochemical results. The present investigation revealed that the bark extract of S. pinnata exerts significant in-vivo antioxidant activities in diabetic rats.

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“…The STZ damages pancreatic β-cells in rats, leading to deficient insulin secretion and a diabetic model (22,23). The majority of diabetic rats are susceptible to the development of cataracts and lenticular polyol accumulation primarily induces cataractogenesis (14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced hyperglycemia in experimental animals (STZ rats) has been widely used as a valuable model to investigate the effect of different hypoglycemic agents (21). The STZ damages pancreatic β-cells in rats, leading to deficient insulin secretion and a diabetic model (22,23). The majority of diabetic rats are susceptible to the development of cataracts and lenticular polyol accumulation primarily induces cataractogenesis (14).…”

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confidence: 99%

Proteomic profile of the lens in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model using shotgun proteomics

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats (STZ rats) were used to investigate diabetic cataracts. In the current study, a shotgun liquid chromatography (LC)/mass spectrometry (MS)-based global proteomic analysis method was used to examine the mechanism of lens opacification as a result of hyperglycemia in STZ rats. The 6-week old Wistar rats were injected with STZ for 2 days (100 mg/kg/day, i.p.) and housed for 3 weeks. The plasma glucose levels were identified to be significantly higher when compared with the normal rats and insulin was not detected in the STZ rats. Furthermore, opacification of the cortical epithelium was observed in the lenses of STZ rats. A total of 235 proteins were identified in the lenses of the STZ rats and 229 in the lenses of the normal rats. A label-free semi-quantitative method, based on spectral counting, identified 52 proteins that were differentially expressed in the lenses of STZ rats compared with normal rats. In particular, superoxide dismutase, which is a critical antioxidant enzyme that detoxifies superoxide through redox cycling, was downregulated when analyzed by the semi-quantitative method. In addition, phosphorylated-p38, which is important in the signaling pathway involved in the oxidative stress response, was significantly increased in the lenses of STZ rats when compared with normal rats (P<0.05). Thus, the changes in protein expression were evaluated in the lenses of STZ rats using a shotgun LC/MS-based global proteomic analysis approach, and a decrease in antioxidant enzymes and an increase in oxidative stress were identified in the lenses of STZ rats. Further studies are required to examine the role of these proteins in the onset or progression of diabetic cataracts. IntroductionDiabetes mellitus is one of the most severe types of metabolic disorder in humans globally, and is characterized by insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion (1). Long-term hyperglycemia in diabetics leads to many complications with tissues that require insulin for glucose entrance or with insulin-independent organs (2), and cataracts are one of the most common complications of exposure to uncontrolled chronic hyperglycemia in diabetes. It has been reported that the onset of cataracts in diabetic patients is 20 years earlier than in non-diabetic subjects (3).Activation of the polyol pathway (4), non-enzymatic glycation of lens proteins (5-8) and increased oxidative stress (9-13) were reported as pathogenetic mechanisms of diabetic cataracts. In the polyol pathway, the excess glucose changes to sorbitol via aldose reductase and the excessive accumulation of sorbitol in the crystalline lens produces a high osmotic gradient, and causes the collapse and liquefaction of lens fibers, resulting in cataract formation (14,15). Furthermore, enhanced osmotic stress leads to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the crystalline lens (16)(17)(18). In addition, sorbitol is metabolized to fructose. The fructose is metabolized into fructose-3-phospate and 3-deoxyglucosone (p...

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Antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of Toddalia asiatica (L.) Lam. leaves in Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats

Cited by 101 publications

References 37 publications

Anti-hyperglycemic and Anti-lipidemic activities of Diabac (a polyherbal formulation) in Streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type 2 diabetic rats

Anti-hyperglycemic and Anti-lipidemic activities of Diabac (a polyherbal formulation) in Streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type 2 diabetic rats

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Proteomic profile of the lens in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model using shotgun proteomics

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