Antidiabetic and antioxidant activity of Rhizophora mucronata leaves (Indian sundarban mangrove): An in vitro and in vivo study

Abstract

Background:Rhizophora mucronata is a salt-tolerant true mangrove which is widely distributed in Indian mangrove forest and traditionally used to treat diabetes and other health ailments.Aim:The aim of this study is to elucidate the role of Indian variety of R. mucronata leaves on glucose impairing metabolism during diabetes by in vitro and in vivo methods.Materials and Methods:The ethanolic fraction of R. mucronata leaves extract (RHE) was assessed for DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging and in vitro anti-diabetic action through α-amylase and α-glucosidase activity assessment. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and insulin sensitivity test (IST) were assessed and their counteraction with RHE (100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o) and glibenclamide (10 mg/kg, p.o) in streptozotocin (STZ) (50 mg/kg, intravenous) induced hyperglycemic rats were also monitored for 28 days. The data were analyzed statistically using t-test.Results:RHE dose-dependently inhibited α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes and lowered the area under the curve (AUC) for glucose on both OGTT and IST. RHE also significantly (p < 0.01) controlled glycemic index and thereby reducing diabetic complications as assessed by lipid profiles, atherogenic index, and coronary index in STZ rats.Conclusion:RHE at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg/day for 28 days provided a significant decrease in diabetes complications and metabolic impairment.

Untargeted Metabolomic Profiling, Multivariate Analysis and Biological Evaluation of the True Mangrove (Rhizophora mucronata Lam.)

“…Nowadays, contemporary science might quibble these afore-mentioned traditional uses since their pharmaceutical effects, toxicity, efficacy and safety have not been fully unravelled yet. Only few studies have reported its biological activities, namely antioxidant, anti-inflammatory [7], antimicrobial [8], anti-diabetic [9,10] and anti-viral [11]. For example, Banerjee et al revealed that the methanolic leaves and root extracts are important sources of antioxidant compounds [12].…”

Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of two mangrove plants in a streptozotocin-induced animal model of diabetes

“…Interestingly, the current study further demonstrates that lipid and lipoprotein irregularities were opposed by the plant extracts in diabetic rats. The hypolipidemic effects of R. mucronata might be due to the impact of its diverse bioactive components, and other consitituents [ 37 ] or the downregulation of LDL epitopes and prevention of 3-hydroxy 3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase [ 38 ]. Indeed, low doses of A. marina had been used as anti-cholesterolemic agents due to its contents in bioactive constituents that might have an antioxidants-like effect, scavenger free radical, and enhance lipid profile and organ function [ 39 ].…”

Antihyperglycemic, Antioxidant and Antiapoptotic Effect of Rhizophora Mucronata and Avicennia Marina in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats

“…Many research works and investigations have had been spotted the light on the phytochemical properties of R. mucronata leaves principally, phenolics, flavonoids, and quercetin which have antioxidative, antidiabetic, and cardioprotective activities. Promising antioxidant properties of R. mucronata was induced by inhibiting 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and radical scavenging that might be due to the high amount of quercetin ( 31 ).…”