Antidiabetic and Safety Properties of Ethanolic Leaf Extract of Corchorus olitorius in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats

Abstract

Diabetes is a major metabolic disease of global concern. Ethanolic extract of Corchorus olitorius leaf was investigated for antidiabetic activity in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. A total of thirty-six albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) with body weight 150.50 AE 10.50 g were randomly selected into six groups (A-F). Group A animals were non-diabetic and received 0.5 mL distilled water, groups B, C, D, E and F were made diabetic by administration of alloxan monohydrate (150 mg/kg, body weight i.p). Group B was diabetic untreated, group C was diabetic and treated with glibenclamide, while groups D, E and F received the ethanolic extract of C. olitorius leaf at a dose of 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg body weight respectively. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, saponins, phlobatannin anthraquinones, phenol and cardiac glycoside and saponin. The blood glucose of the alloxanized rats after 72 hours which ranged from 17.30-25.33 mmol/L were significantly (p < 0.05) and progressively reduced in treated groups which compared favorably with the standard drug group. The significantly (p < 0.05) elevated levels of serum and liver bilirubin (direct and total), transaminases (AST and ALT), alkaline phosphatase, urea, creatinine, total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-C, as well as reduced levels of total protein, globulin, albumin and HDL-C in the diabetic untreated rats were normalized upon treatment with ethanolic extract of C. olitorius leaf. These results suggest that the ethanolic extract of C. olitorius leaf possesses antihyperglycemic property with no major side effect hence it could be considered safe for the management of diabetes.

In-vitro Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Properties of Corchorus olitorius Leaves and Seed Ethanol Extract

“…Phytochemical content of seed extract has alkaloids, saponins which shows hypoglycaemic effect, and other great potential treating effects [15]. Some findings suggest the use of Corchorus olitorius as body cooling drink [4,16].…”

Computational and Pharmacological Evaluation of Carveol for Antidiabetic Potential

“…For the induction of diabetes, alloxan monohydrate was used ( Dunn and McLetchie, 1943 ). Freshly prepared alloxan solution (1055.8 µMol/Kg) in saline was given to experimental rats via an intra-peritoneal route ( Olusanya and Ifeoluwa, 2018 ). After 48 h, blood glucose levels of experimental rats were measured by using the tail prick methodology.…”

“…Alloxan is a potent inducer of pancreas toxicity and is therefore used for experimental diabetes induction (Brenna et al, 2003). Alloxan induces a multiphasic blood glucose response when injected into an experimental animal, with consistent fluctuations in the plasma insulin level associated with structural damage to beta cells (Olusanya and Ifeoluwa, 2018). The pathology of DM is attenuated by insulin therapy and orally by hypoglycemic medications such as biguanides and sulfonylureas.…”

A Comprehensive Review of C. capsularis and C. olitorius: A Source of Nutrition, Essential Phytoconstituents and Pharmacological Activities

“…It has been reported that the ethanolic extract of the C. olitorius leaf significantly ( p < 0.05) elevated levels of serum and liver bilirubin (direct and total), transaminases (AST and ALT), alkaline phosphatase, urea, creatinine, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL-C, as well as reduced levels of total protein, globulin, albumin, and HDL-C in the alloxan-induced untreated diabetic rats normalized upon treatment with the ethanolic extract of C. olitorius leaf. Thus, the ethanolic extract of C. olitorius leaf exhibited antihyperglycemic and anti-dyslipidemic effects, and hence it could be considered safe for use as an antidiabetic recipe [ 122 ]. Another group of researchers pointed out that ethanolic seed extract of C. olitorius is a valuable antidiabetic agent due to its ability to lower blood glucose levels [ 32 ].…”