Antidiabetic andantioxidant properties, and α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition effects of triterpene saponins from Piper auritum

Abstract

Bioactivity-guided fractionation of methanol extracts from leaves of produced four triterpenoid saponin compounds. Structures were established based on interpretation of mass spectrometry (MS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data. 21-(-methoxycinnamoyl)-olean-12-ene-28oic cid-3--α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside () and olean-12-ene-28 methyl ester-3--α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside () were orally administered to diabetic mice at dosage of 10 mg/kg of body weight per day for 30 days and resultant biochemical parameters were studied. Both compounds significantly (<0.05) decreased serum glucose, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels, compared with controls. Low density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were ameliorated. The effects of lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress in the liver, pancreas, and kidney were reversed, with reductions insulin resistance and stimulation of insulin production. β-Glucosidase activities were studied . Compounds and can be used to improve glucose and lipid metabolism and to reduce the imbalance between generation of reactive oxygen species and scavenging enzyme activities for prevention of diabetic complications.

Effects of saccharicterpenin on antioxidant status and urinary metabolic profile of rats

“…In this study, the content of GSH was not significantly affected by saccharicterpenin. This result was different from a previous study, which stated that triterpenoid saponins (a component of saccharicterpenin) can significantly increase the content of GSH in the pancreas of rats ( Gutierrez, 2016 ). This conflict may be because of the difference in tissues.…”

“…Glutathione (GSH) is a major non-enzymatic antioxidant that can remove free radicals. The content of GSH was improved by triterpenoid saponins (a component of saccharicterpenin) in the liver of rats as reported by Gutierrez (2016) , who suggested that non-enzymatic antioxidants were increased by triterpenoid saponins. However, the effect of saccharicterpenin on non-enzymatic components is unknown.…”

Ephedra alata extracts exerts anti-obesity, anti-hyperglycemia, anti-antipyretic and analgesic effects

“…Diabetes is a serious health problem growing at alarming rates around the world. It is reported to constitute the 16th leading cause of global mortality and caused various complications and disorders such as pain, hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular diseases and inflammation (Perez Gutierrez, 2016;Bahlil et al, 2020;Spínola et al, 2020). In this respect, Ephedra alata extracts many synthetic disaccharidase and lipase inhibitors have been reported to reduce plasma glucose and lipid levels via delaying glucose and lipid absorption and retarding the liberation of glucose from oligosaccharides and disaccharides from dietary complex carbohydrates.…”

1H‐NMR Metabolomics Profiling and Volatile Content of ‘Hoja Santa’ (Piper auritum Kunth): A Millenary Edible Plant Consumed in Mexico

“…Infusion of P. auritum is traditionally used to accelerate childbirth, whereas Mayas apply fresh leaves to heal wounds [2] . Leaves are also used as emollient, diuretic, antirheumatic, abortifacient, and to treat dermatological illnesses [2–4] . The plant is frequently used as a spice because of its pleasant smell and particular flavor [3] .…”