Antidiabetic Potential of Plants from the Caribbean Basin

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia, insulin insufficiency or insulin resistance, and many issues, including vascular complications, glycative stress and lipid metabolism dysregulation. Natural products from plants with antihyperglycemic, hypolipidemic, pancreatic protective, antioxidative, and insulin-like properties complement conventional treatments. Throughout this review, we summarize the current status of knowledge of plants from the Caribbean basin traditionally used to manage DM and treat its sequelae. Seven plants were chosen due to their use in Caribbean folk medicine. We summarize the antidiabetic properties of each species, exploring the pharmacological mechanisms related to their antidiabetic effect reported in vitro and in vivo. We propose the Caribbean flora as a source of innovative bioactive phytocompounds to treat and prevent DM and DM-associated complications.

Antioxidant potential of gotu kola leaf extract (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) as an alternative to antihyperglycemic herbal drinks

“…Composed of the C6-C3-C6 configuration, there are 2 aromatic rings connected by three carbon atoms which may or may not form a third ring. Gotu kola contains active flavonoid compounds that protect leaf tissue damage and cells from ultraviolet radiation [17]. Gotu kola leaves, besides containing flavonoids, also contain alkaloids.…”

Medicinal Plants and Plant-Based Remedies in Grande-Terre: An Ethnopharmacological Approach

“…Phyllanthus niruri L. is the second most often utilized plant in the current study, and the participants who were surveyed strongly linked this plant with the management of diabetes. Phyllanthus niruri L. is a small herb that has been used by traditional medicine practitioners all over the world to treat kidney stones, gastrointestinal problems, liver affections, and diabetes [ 7 , 61 , 62 ]. Phytochemicals found in this species have been proven to possess antioxidant, hypoglycemic, and antihyperlipidemic properties [ 63 , 64 ].…”

“…Herbal medicine, also known as phytotherapy, refers to the use of plants or plant derivates to prevent or treat a given disease. In many cultures, herbal medicine has been traditionally used to treat a wide range of ailments such as cardiovascular affections, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and diabetes mellitus [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ].…”

Aktivitas Antihiperglikemik Ekstrak Etanol Daun Cincau Hitam Pada Mencit Putih Jantan Yang Diinduksi Aloksan

“…DM 1 umumnya mulai diderita pada masa pubertas dan merupakan kondisi autoimun di mana sel-sel β dari pankreas akan berkurang dan menyebabkan produksi insulin menjadi tidak mencukupi (Ortega et al, 2022). Sementara itu pada DM 2, pankreas dapat memproduksi insulin dalam jumlah yang memadai, tetapi sel-sel dari berbagai organ (lemak, hati dan otot) tidak merespons hormon ini dengan baik (Méril-Mamert et al, 2022). DM juga merupakan penyakit disregulasi metabolik yang mengakibatkan penumpukan kadar gula yang menyimpang dalam aliran darah (Khalid et al, 2022).…”

“…Flavonoid, alkaloid, tanin dan saponin telah menunjukkan sifatnya sebagai antidiabetes (Praparatana et al, 2022). Mekanisme kerja antidiabetes dari fitokimia yang ditemukan pada tumbuhan dapat dikategorikan menjadi enam kelompok berdasarkan mekanisme farmakologinya yaitu modulator metabolisme glukosa, efektor hipolipidemik, efektor pankreas, efektor antioksidan, modulator komplikasi terkait diabetes dan modulator insulin-mimetic dan insulin-sensitizer (Méril-Mamert et al, 2022).…”