Antidiarrheal property of Napoleona imperialis may be due to Procyanidins and Ellagic acid derivatives

Ihekwereme, Peter Chibueze; Erhirhie, Earnest Oghenesuvwe; Mbagwu, Ikechukwu Sonne; Ilodigwe, Emmanuel Emeka; Ajaghaku, Daniel Lotanna; Okoye, Festus Basden Chiedu

doi:10.7324/japs.2016.60317

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…According to the literature, drugs with anti-diarrheal effects are renowned for stimulating GI relaxation and thereby slowing the emptying time, 57 allowing more time for better absorption fluids. 35 , 58 The observed effect is therefore possibly due to the extracts’ ability to inhibit the intestinal movement, which in turn accounts for the anti-diarrheal effect of the extract of L.ocymifolia . In other words, the more the intestinal motility the greater would be the inhibitory effect of the extracts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Antibacterial and Anti-Diarrhoeal Activities of 80% Methanol Leaf and Fruit Extract of Leonotis ocymifolia (Burm. F) Iwarsson (Lamiaceae)

Ayele

Abebe

Kassie

2021

JEP

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Background Leonotis ocymifolia (Burm.F) Iwarsson (Lamiaceae) is among the medicinal plants that are claimed to have various pharmacologic activities. However the leaves and fruits of L. ocymifolia have not yet been explored scientifically for antibacterial and anti-diarrhoeal activities. This study was aimed at investigating the anti-diarrhoeal and antibacterial activities of 80% methanol leaf and fruit extract of Leonotis ocymifolia in mice and selected diarrhea causing bacterial species. Methods The leaves and fruits of Leonotis ocymifolia were extracted using 80% methanol through maceration technique. The anti-diarrheal activity was evaluated using a castor oil induced diarrheal model, prostaglandin induced anti-enteropooling, and castor oil induced charcoal meal test in mice of either sex. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey post-hoc test. The antibacterial activity was evaluated on using an agar well diffusion assay. Bacterial species used were Salmonella typhi , Salmonella paratyphi , Salmonella typhimurium , Shigella species , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Staphylococcus aureus , and Escherichia coli . For anti-diarrhoeal activity, the extract was tested at 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg. Positive and negative control groups were treated with loperamide (3 mg/kg) and 2% tween 80 (10 mL/kg), respectively. Results A significant ( p <0.05) reduction in frequency of wet stools and watery content of diarrhea as well as in delaying onset of diarrhea as compared to controls was observed in mice at the stated doses. The extract showed a dose-dependent inhibition in all used models. L. ocymifolia leaf and fruit extract also showed antimicrobial activity against all tested organisms. Conclusion Results from this study collectively indicated that 80% methanol leaf and fruit extracts of L. ocymifolia possessed significant anti-diarrhoeal activity and antibacterial activities, hence provides the scientific base for its traditional use as a diarrhea treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Antibacterial and Anti-Diarrhoeal Activities of 80% Methanol Leaf and Fruit Extract of Leonotis ocymifolia (Burm. F) Iwarsson (Lamiaceae)

Ayele

Abebe

Kassie

2021

JEP

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“…In the phytochemical group tests alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, and flavonoids were identified in both extracts. In addition to, (+)-catechin, ellagic acid, gallic acid and vannilin identified in the HPLC analysis, inhibited prostaglandins and consequently showed antidiarrhoel activity reported in previous studies [43,44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Bioactivities of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza and profiling of its bioactive polyphenols by HPLC-DAD

et al. 2017

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Background: In folk medicine leaves and stem of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (L.) are commonly used to treat diarrhea, fever, diabetes, pain and a number of ailments. The present study was carried out to explore antioxidant, analgesic and antidiarrhoeal activities of ethanol extract of leaves and stem of B. gymnorrhiza and also to analyze its major bioactive natural polyphenols by HPLC-DAD. Methods: Total polyphenol content was spectrophotometrically determined using Folin Chiocalteu's reagent while the flavonoids by aluminum chloride colorimetric assay. Antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH free radical scavenging, reducing power, nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assays. Identification and quantification of bioactive polyphenols were done by HPLC-DAD method. Antidiarrhoeal activity of the extracts was evaluated using experimentally castor oil induced diarrhea in mice. Acetic acid induced writhing method was used to evaluate the analgesic activity. Acute oral toxicity and brine shrimp lethality assay were performed to check the cytotoxic potential. Results: Both the leave and stem extracts contain significant amount of phenolic and flvonoid content. Extracts showed DPPH radical scavenging, nitric oxide, hydrogen peroxide scavenging and also concentration dependent reducing power activity. HPLC analysis of both extract indicated the presence of significant amount of vanillic acid along with other phenolic constituents. Both extracts showed significant (P < 0.01) analgesic and antidiarrhoeal activity. Furthermore, extracts showed negligible toxic effect. Conclusion: Along with other phenolic compounds, vanillic acid present in the extract may be responsible for antioxidant, analgesic and antidiarrhoeal activities. Altogether these results rationalize the use of this plant in traditional medicine.

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“…The reduction in intestinal transit seems comparable for both extracts, which could be credited to the presence of comparable level of secondary metabolites. Antidiarrheal properties of the plant extracts might be due to phytochemical constituents such as polyphenols, flavones, alkaloids, saponins, and terpenoids that are previously detected in the 80% methanol extract of C. aurea seeds [ 53 ]. Flavonoids are known to inhibit intestinal motility [ 17 ] through relaxing intestinal smooth muscles [ 54 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antidiarrheal and Antibacterial Activities of Calpurnia aurea: Benth Seed Different Extracts

Kassie

Alemayehu

Nedi

et al. 2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Background. Calpurnia aurea is believed to have antidiarrheal potential but with limited scientific evidence. This study aimed investigating antidiarrheal and antibacterial activity of aqueous and 80% methanol seed extracts of the plant in mice and selected diarrhea-causing bacterial strains, respectively. Methods. Castor oil-induced diarrhea, prostaglandin-induced enteropooling, and castor oil-induced charcoal meal test models in mice of either sex using three dose levels (60, 120, and 240 mg/kg) were applied to evaluate antidiarrheal activity. Parameters, including onset, number, wet stool weight, weight and volume of secretion, and intestinal motility, were taken into consideration. The antibacterial activity was assessed on Shigella soni, Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using disk diffusion and microdilution techniques. Results. Compared to controls, pretreatment of mice at the graded dose (60, 120, and 240 mg/kg) resulted in a significant ( p < 0.05 ) drop in frequency of wet stools and watery content of diarrhea as well as in delaying onset of diarrhea. Both extracts exhibited inhibition of diarrhea in a dose-dependent manner in all models used. The extracts also showed significant ( p < 0.05 ) reduction in intestinal motility in castor oil-induced models. Both extracts showed a marginal activity against the selected bacterial strains; a better effect was seen with 80% methanol seed extract. Conclusion. Both extracts of the plant have beneficial effect in controlling diarrhea. This finding supports the use of the plant as a traditional antidiarrheal remedy.

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Antidiarrheal property of Napoleona imperialis may be due to Procyanidins and Ellagic acid derivatives

Cited by 5 publications

References 21 publications

Investigation of Antibacterial and Anti-Diarrhoeal Activities of 80% Methanol Leaf and Fruit Extract of Leonotis ocymifolia (Burm. F) Iwarsson (Lamiaceae)

Investigation of Antibacterial and Anti-Diarrhoeal Activities of 80% Methanol Leaf and Fruit Extract of Leonotis ocymifolia (Burm. F) Iwarsson (Lamiaceae)

Bioactivities of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza and profiling of its bioactive polyphenols by HPLC-DAD

Antidiarrheal and Antibacterial Activities of Calpurnia aurea: Benth Seed Different Extracts

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