Antiferromagnetic Magnetic Polaron Formation and Optical Properties of CVD-Grown Mn-Doped Zinc Stannate (ZTO)

Abstract

The influence of Mn doping on structural, optical, and magnetic behaviors of Mn-doped zinc stannate (ZTO) nanostructures was investigated. Pure and Mn (atomic ratios of 1, 3, and 5%)-doped high-quality Zn 2 SnO 4 nanowires were prepared through the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique. It was observed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman scattering that doped ZTO exhibits a cubic inverse spinel structure, and no peaks of ZnO, SnO, SnO 2 , and Mn oxides were found. Incorporation of the Mn ion into the ZTO lattice introduced partial antiferromagnetic coupled spins and related magnetism in the nanowires, which caused a clear band-edge luminescence blue shift as compared with the pure one, although the emission longer than 435 nm due to the presence of oxygen vacancies and traps in the lattice keeps minor changes. This blueshifted emission in the doped nanowire indicates the formation of an antiferromagnetic polaronic exciton, which is seldom identified in the doped semiconductor. This finding in Mn-doped ZTO samples will have some optical applications in the future.

Photon and Phonon Coherence to Enhance Photoluminescence by Magnetic Polarons in Mn-Doped Rb3Cd2Cl7 Perovskites

“…This is a typical character of the EMP, and ferromagnetism occurs in these TM ion-doped semiconductors. − This red shift is often caused by the coupling between FM Mn–Mn pairs and free excitons near the band edge. However, when the feed ratio further increases, the CT band gradually blue-shifts due to the appearance of AFM coupling between Mn pairs and the formation of an AFM polaron out of the free exciton interaction with the AFM order. ,, This phenomenon of the AFM polaron also exists in ZnO/Mn and ZnSnO 3 :Mn nanostructures. , Compared with other feed ratios, the 10% Mn-doped sample has very high luminous efficiency because the EMP unit in the lattice may be the most important excitation at this feed ratio and plays a dramatic role in the emission, though single Mn d–d transitions are still dominant in this compound. The Mn 2+ /Rb 3 Cd 2 Cl 7 lattice formed after doping with Mn has a large Stokes shift emission with the STE profile.…”

Zinc–Tin Oxide Film as an Earth-Abundant Material and Its Versatile Applications to Electronic and Energy Materials

“…Oxide semiconductors can be produced with various structures, such as thin films, nanoparticles [ 84 , 85 , 86 ], microspheres [ 87 ], nanomesh [ 88 ], and nanowires [ 84 , 89 ], and have appropriate photoreactivity. Therefore, they are applied in various fields, such as gas sensors [ 90 ] and light sensors [ 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 ].…”

Magnetic polaron-related optical properties in Ni(II)-doped CdS nanobelts: Implication for spin nanophotonic devices

“…[1] The incorporation of transition metal brings up some new properties due to the spin-spin, spin-lattice, and spin-exciton interactions. Different magnetic polarons, like exciton magnetic polaron (EMP), [2] bound magnetic polaron (BMP), [3] antiferromagnetic polaron (AMP), [4] paramagnetic polaron (PMP) can form in the local doping area, leading to different optical and transport behaviors. Therefore, the uniform distribution and/or type of doping ions are crucial to determining the excitation nature and related physical properties.…”

“…[2] For example, the strong electron-phonon coupling by the doping elements in DMS usually causes local lattice distortion and polarization, which may exhibit varied properties for different spin-spin couplings. [4] In DMSs, the localized polarization field is mostly a magnetic field produced by ferromagnetic coupled ions. Electrons or holes move with the magnetic field to form composite particles, which are called magnetic polarons.…”