ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITIES OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF ROSEMARY LEAF (Rosemarinus officinalis L.) AGAINST Candida albicans

Abstract

Background: This study was a preliminary study aimed to investigating the in vitro activity of rosmarinic acid contained on Rosemary leaves (Rosemarinus officinalis L.) on the Candida albicans. Rosmarinic acid can be an inhibitor of the RTPase enzyme in the fungus Candida albicans. Objective: This study is expected to provide information in the development of science about the antifungal activity of ethanol extract of Rosemary leave (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) againsts C.albicans. The recent research was an laboratory experimental. Experiments on an ethanol extract of Rosemary leaves (Rosemarinus officinalis L.) and post-test design of the control group. Methods: The extraction method used in this study was a multilevel extraction method. The antifungal activity testing method uses discs and MIC methods. Replication was done six times at two concentration namely, 80% (b/v) and 100% for each measurement. Results: The data analysis was carried out using SPSS with 95% of confidence level with the Kruskal Wallis analysis then completed with the Mann Whitney U test. The results of the MIC experiment showed all the various concentrations of ethanol extract performed Candida albicans growth on the surface of the media. Extract with 80% (b/v) concentration showed greater antifungal activity. Furthermore the MIC was shown by 80% (b/v) concentration of the ethanol extract of Rosemary leaves against Candida albicans. The test results of the antifungal activity of the Rosemary leaf ethanol extract showed the presence of inhibitory diameter in the ethanol extract of the Rosemary leaf concentration of 80% (b/v) with a mean ± SD of 10.6 ± 0.57735 and RSD of 5.774%. Conclusion: The ethanol extract of Rosemary leaves (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) has an inhibitory effect on the fungus Candida albicans at a concentration of 80% (b / v)
 Keywords: Antifungal activity, Candida albicans, Rosemary, RTPase, ethanol extract

Rosemary Extract and Essential Oil as Drink Ingredients: An Evaluation of Their Chemical Composition, Genotoxicity, Antimicrobial, Antiviral, and Antioxidant Properties

“…The rosemary extracts were potent against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in a study by Mahmood et al [ 56 ]. In our experiment, rosemary extract displayed antifungal action against A. niger at concentrations ranging from 25 to 90%, which is consistent with the findings of Swari et al [ 57 ], who demonstrated that rosemary ethanol extract had an inhibitory effect against Candida albicans . Rosemary extract had antiviral efficacy against HSV-1 and HSV-2, according to Al Mergin et al [ 3 ].…”

Eficácia de extratos plantas medicinais no controle in vitro de Candida albicans

“…Os extratos etanólicos de alecrim citronela, limão e nim apresentaram atividade antifúngica em concentrações mais baixas, no entanto o extrato de arruda foi capaz de controlar as linhagens de C. albicans clínicas na concentração 25% e 50% (Tabela1). Estudos realizados por Swari et al (2020), Proškovcová et al, (2021), Shafa et al (2021) evidenciaram a eficácia dos extratos e óleos essenciais destas plantas no controle de C. albicans.…”

“…Além disso, o potencial dessas espécies para apresentar resistência e resistência cruzada a drogas azólicas, pode levar ao fracasso das estratégias terapêuticas (Delaloye & Calandra, 2014). Nos últimos anos, o uso de óleos essenciais e de extratos de plantas como uma abordagem para melhorar a eficácia de agentes antifúngicos e reduzir os níveis de resistência antifúngica tem sido proposto (Kumar, 2020;Swari et al, 2020;Donadu et al, 2021, Manso et al, 2021 Tabela 1: Concentração inibitória mínima (CIM) e concentração fungicida mínima (CFM) de extratos etanólicos de plantas no controle in vitro de Candida albicans. Resultados divergentes sobre eficácia podem estar influenciados pelo tempo de maceração da folha de alecrim para obtenção do extrato etanólico das folhas de alecrim, o qual poderia interferir na concentração dos componentes quimicos do produto final da extração (Swari et al, 2020).…”

“…As plantas medicinais são uma fonte importante de estruturas químicas únicas, complexas e diversas, o que justifica sua investigação completa como uma fonte potencial de novos agentes antifúngicos. Óleos essenciais, extratos de plantas medicinais e alguns de seus constituintes foram avaliados contra o crescimento de Candida albicans e foram considerados eficazes (Azizi et al, 2012;Kumar, 2020;Swari et al, 2020;Kume et al, 2021;Proškovcová et al, 2021). Neste contexto Research, Society and Development, v. 11, n. 3, e53311326779, 2022 (CC BY 4.0) | ISSN 2525-3409 | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i3.26779 3 objetivou-se na presente pesquisa avaliar a eficácia de extratos de folhas de limão, citronela, alecrim, arruda e nim no controle in vitro de C. albicans.…”

Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of extracts from thyme and rosemary against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans

“…2). With the increasing of rosemary extract concentration levels from 20 to 60%, the inhibition effect showed a significant reduction against C. albicans (Swari et al 2020), while with the increasing of rosemary extract concentration levels from 20 to 60%, the inhibition effect showed an increasing trend against S. aureus (Fig. 2).…”