Antifungal activity of essential oils from Cinnamomum cassia, Myristica fragrans and Syzygium aromaticum against Rhodotorula mucilaginosa

Abstract

Rhodotorula genus comprises yeasts from Sporidiobolaceae family. Considered as non-pathogenic until the last two decades, different species of Rhodotorula are emerging as pathogens in humans, with R. mucilaginosa being the most commonly involved in infections, ranging from simpler clinical conditions such as skin manifestations to more severe cases such as meningitis and endocarditis. The major facilitating agents for the emergence of these infections are invasive procedures such as catheter implants. The primary drugs of choice used to treat these infections are amphotericin B and fluconazole. However, some strains of this yeast show different degrees of resistance to these substances, thus justifying the search for new therapeutic agents. Considering this, the present study aims the investigation of the antifungal activity of the essential oils of Cinnamomum cassia (cinnamon), Syzygium aromaticum (clove) and Myristica fragrans (nutmeg) against clinical isolates of R. mucilaginosa. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and characterized by GC-MS. The investigation of the antifungal action activity was performed by the agar disc-diffusion test followed by the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) determination. All the essential oils were species present their oil characterized by the presence of phenylpropanoids, with eugenol (77.6 to 94.4%) as the main compound of clove and E-cinnamaldehyde (90.4 to 100%) of cinnamon. Nutmeg oil is characterized by the presence of showed as main compounds the myristicin (1.8 a 12.8%) and elemicin (4.3 a 11.1%) phenylpropanoids, besides sabinene (28.2 to 44.4%) and terpinen-4-ol (16.0 to 19.5%) monoterpenes. In the investigation of antifungal activity, all the oils showed potential action against clinical isolates of R. mucilaginosa, with MICs ranging from 8 to 500 µg/mL. The results demonstrate that these oils are promising candidates in the search for new anti-Rhodotorula agents, enabling the treatment of aforementioned infections.

Atividade antifúngica de óleos essenciais frente a cepa de Candida albicans

“…A espécie C. cassia, popularmente conhecida como canela, tem como principal fitoconstituinte o cinamaldeído (Figueiredo et al, 2017). Substância extraída do óleo da casca com ação inibitória no crescimento de microrganismos (Sharifi-Rad et al, 2017, Butzge et al, 2020. Outro composto químico com este mesmo efeito é o Eugenol (Nisar et al, 2021).…”

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“…The phytochemical constituents were carried out successfully as antifungal, anti-tumor and antibacterial against. At the same time these various potent chemical compounds had chemical compounds had chemical ability as anti-hyperglycemic materials induced by alloxane [5,6,7] . The antioxidant capability of some active natural metabolic compounds from Cinnamomum was gave an excellent results to capture the chemical action of some free radicals represented by reactive oxygen, therefore the various compounds belonging to cinnamon can reduce or finish the biochemical functions of multi-free radicals [8] .…”