Antifungal Activity of Local Anesthetics AgainstCandida Species

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the activity of benzydamine, lidocaine, and bupivacaine, three drugs with local anesthetic activity, against Candida albicans and non-albicans strains and to clarify their mechanism of activity.Methods

The efficiency of topical therapy and prevention of inflammatory diseases of the pharynx

“…Кроме того, установлено, что бензи-дамина гидрохлорид обладает бактерицидным действи-ем. В основе механизма бактерицидного действия лежит способность препарата коагулировать протеины клеточ-ных стенок инфекционных агентов [17,23].…”

“…В условиях более низкой концентрации бензи-дамин ингибирует рост штаммов Candida (фунгистатиче-ское действие) в диапазоне МИК 6,25-50 мкг/мл, а в условиях более высокой концентрации (0,2 мг/мл) он оказывает фунгицидный эффект из-за прямого повреж-дения цитоплазматической мембраны [23].…”

Bacteriostatic Effect of Mixtures of 1% Propofol with 4% Lidocaine versus 4% Lidocaine Alone: Regards on Microbiologic Studies in the Field of Anesthesiology

“…Stem-cell/solid-organ transplant patients have a 2,584-fold greater risk than the general population of developing serious illness from L. monocytogenes infection, while patients with hematologic malignancy, HIV/AIDS, end-stage renal disease, diabetes, alcoholism, and age greater than 65 years have risks of developing serious illness from Listeria that range from 7.5 to 1,384 over that of the general population. 3 Numerous outbreaks of nosocomial listeriosis have been reported, with hospital-provided sandwiches, ready-to-eat sausage products, diced celery, soft cheeses, and sliced deli meats most frequently implicated as the source of the outbreaks. 2,[4][5][6][7] High mortality rates have been reported in these outbreaks, and most patients who died had some level of compromised immunity.…”

“…Methodologically, the colony count carried out by the authors through in vitro cultures is the gold standard to identify bacterial growth; however, in these cases, the use of new techniques is recommended, such as flow cytometry, which estimates susceptibility by means of bacterial viability outcomes. 3 In the study by Pina-Vaz et al, 4 the bacteriostatic effect of lidocaine was measured in terms of minimal inhibitory concentration following the flow cytometry technique; interestingly, this technique allowed for clarification of the mechanism of action through the different fluorescent stains and laboratory conditions. 5 In the first observations made by Sakuragi et al 1 about bacterial growth on propofol alone, we might say that there were coherent results, according to several case reports of outbreak infections associated with propofol contamination.…”

Comparison of Two Probes for Testing Susceptibilities of Pathogenic Yeasts to Voriconazole, Itraconazole, and Caspofungin by Flow Cytometry

“…Commercial antifungal methods also have been developed (6,11,13) that are easy to perform but also require a minimum of 24 to 48 h. Flow cytometry has been described as an excellent tool for studying the susceptibility of different microorganisms, including fungi (9,16,20,23). This methodology allows the timely determination of susceptibility patterns and can provide additional information regarding drug action and resistance mechanisms (17)(18)(19). An optimized cytometric assay to study the susceptibility of Candida spp.…”