Antifungal activity of Momordica charantia seed extracts toward the pathogenic fungus Fusarium solani L.

Abstract

Momordica charantia L., a vegetable crop with high nutritional value, has been used as an antimutagenic, antihelminthic, anticancer, antifertility, and antidiabetic agent in traditional folk medicine. In this study, the antifungal activity of M. charantia seed extract toward Fusarium solani L. was evaluated. Results showed that M. charantia seed extract effectively inhibited the mycelial growth of F. solani, with a 50% inhibitory rate (IC) value of 108.934 μg/mL. Further analysis with optical microscopy and fluorescence microscopy revealed that the seed extract led to deformation of cells with irregular budding, loss of integrity of cell wall, as well as disruption of the fungal cell membrane. In addition, genomic DNA was also severely affected, as small DNA fragments shorter than 50 bp appeared on agarose gel. These findings implied that M. charantia seed extract containing α-momorcharin, a typical ribosome-inactivating protein, could be an effective agent in the control of fungal pathogens, and such natural products would represent a sustainable alternative to the use of synthetic fungicides.

Antifungal Activity of Wild Sage (Lantana camara) against Colletotrichum falcatum

“…As various modes of action exist in different extract, it is difficult for pathogens to develop resistance to such a mixture of components. Therefore, the development of management strategies to replace or supplement synthetic fungicides with natural bioactive products is desirable (Kosanic et al, 2016 andWang et al, 2016 …”

“…The same mode of action has also been presumed for plant extracts against fungal pathogens. Plant extracts have been used for the treatment of plant diseases caused by pathogenic microbes since the 1990s (Wang et al, 2016).…”

Novel purification method and antibiotic activity of recombinant Momordica charantia MAP30

“…MAP30 has been shown to inhibit HIV; it also inhibits the cell proliferation of a panel of tumor cells in vitro and in vivo (Fang and Ng 2011; Fang et al 2012a, b). Recent studies have also shown that MAP30 can inhibit the herpes simplex virus and pathogenic fungus (Akkouh et al 2015; Wang et al 2016), and could induce cell death (Fan et al 2015). Taken together, the results of previous studies have suggested that the anti-viral activities are the most characterized of MAP30, especially activities against HIV, HBV, and tumor cell proliferation (Lee-Huang et al 1995; Fan et al 2008, 2009).…”

“…The results demonstrated that non-glycosylated MAP30 protein is as active as the glycosylated natural protein, and recombinant MAP30 possesses anti-HIV, anti-HBV, anti-tumor and apoptosis induction activities (Lee-Huang et al 1995; Fan et al 2008, 2009). Recent studies have also revealed that MAP30 exerts activities against the herpes simplex virus and pathogenic fungus (Akkouh et al 2015; Wang et al 2016), and can induce cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis in human lung carcinoma cells (Fan et al 2015). However, the effects of recombinant MAP30 in terms of antibacterial activities and possible replacement of antibiotics are unknown, and the toxicity and immunogenicity of MAP30 have also never been studied.…”

Antimicrobial Activity and Chemical Composition of Momordica Charantia: A Review

“…5 M. Charantia is a plant belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family and is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas around the world. [5][6][7] Studies have determined that this plant contains a great diversity of primary and secondary metabolites 8,9 with therapeutic potential as antiulcer properties 6,10 , antioxidant [11][12][13][14] , antimicrobial 6,8,12,[15][16][17] , anthelmintic 18,19 , antidiabetic 6,11,20,21 , antiinflammatory 21,22 , antihyperglycemic 6,21,23 and anticancer 4,19,21,24 , and nutritional as antilipolytic. 11,25 Bacterial resistance is one of the main problems around the world, it is thought that by 2050 bacterial resistance will be one of the leading causes of death in the world.…”