Antifungal activity of phenolic-rich Lavandula multifida L. essential oil

Abstract

This study evaluates the antifungal activity and mechanism of action of a new chemotype of Lavandula multifida from Portugal. The essential oil was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), and the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal lethal concentration (MLC) of the oil and its major compounds were determined against several pathogenic fungi responsible for candidosis, meningitis, dermatophytosis, and aspergillosis. The influence of the oil on the dimorphic transition in Candida albicans was also studied, as well as propidium iodide (PI) and FUN-1 staining of C. albicans cells by flow cytometry. The essential oil was characterized by high contents of monoterpenes, with carvacrol and cis-β-ocimene being the main constituents. The oil was more effective against dermatophytes and Cryptococcus neoformans, with MIC and MLC values of 0.16 μL/mL and 0.32 μL/mL, respectively. The oil was further shown to completely inhibit filamentation in C. albicans at concentrations below the respective MIC (0.08 μL/mL), with cis-β-ocimene being the main compound responsible for this inhibition (0.02 μL/mL). The flow cytometry results suggest a mechanism of action ultimately leading to cytoplasmic membrane disruption and cell death. L. multifida essential oil may be useful in complementary therapy to treat disseminated candidosis, since the inhibition of filamentation alone appears to be sufficient to treat this type of infection.

Pimenta pseudocaryophyllus inhibits virulence factors and promotes metabolic changes in Candidayeast

“…In the present study, the P. pseudocaryophyllus crude extract and aqueous fraction (which displayed performance similar to that of the fl uconazole control) reduced hyphal formation and decreased adherence to buccal epithelial cells, signifi cantly affecting these Candida virulence mechanisms. Similar results obtained by Zuzarte et al 23 and Vale-Silva et al 24 verifi ed that hyphal formation in Candida was reduced in the presence of essential oils from Thymus x viciosoi and Lavandula multifi da L. Our results indicate that further studies of P. pseudocaryophyllus should be conducted to assess its therapeutic potential for the treatment of Candida infections.…”

“…According to Zuzarte et al 23 , inhibition of fi lamentation appears be suffi cient to treat candidiasis. In the present study, the P. pseudocaryophyllus crude extract and aqueous fraction (which displayed performance similar to that of the fl uconazole control) reduced hyphal formation and decreased adherence to buccal epithelial cells, signifi cantly affecting these Candida virulence mechanisms.…”

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Emitted by Ilex paraguariensis Plants are Affected by the Herbivory of the Lepidopteran Thelosia camina and the Coleopteran Hedypathes betulinus

“…DMNT (15) emitted by TC plants revealed a pattern of emission ( Figure 3, pattern A) that was more common in this treatment when compared to DM and HB. In this pattern A, a high emission was observed in the first 24 h, followed by a decrease at 48 h and by an even higher emission at 72 h. Compounds 1-9, 11, 13 and 17-19 of TC treated plants (n = 14) and 1-3, 5-8 and 19 of HB (n = 8) followed this …”

“…This compound, present in the essential oil of Lavandula multifida (Lamiaceae), inhibited the filamentation of the fungus Candida albicans (Berkhout, 1923) (Saccharomycetaceae). 15 Moreover, (E)-β-ocimene produced by transgenic plants (lima bean and corn) induced priming responses of other plants, successfully attracting predators and parasitoids. 16 In addition, β-ocimene induced the increase of methyl jasmonate and transcript levels of defense/stress-inducible genes in tissue levels in Arabidopsis thaliana DMNT (15) was produced in high amounts by yerba mate plants after both treatments of herbivory (TC and HB).…”

Atividade antifúngica e possível mecanismo de ação do óleo essencial de folhas de Ocimum gratissimum (Linn.) sobre espécies de Candida

“…Assim, a pesquisa de novas substâncias capazes de combater infecções por Candida, ou mesmo melhorar a ação dos antifúngicos comumente usados na clínica, pode ser um caminho promissor a ser trilhado na luta contra a resistência e na redução das limitações do tratamento convencional, como efeitos adversos e a alta toxicidade (Zuzarte et al 2012).…”