Antifungal Activity of Skin Secretion of Bleeding Toad <i>Leptophryne Cruentata</i> and Javan Tree Frog <i>Rhacophorus Margaritifer</i>

Abstract

Amphibian skin has been the source of a wide variety of biologically active compounds. This study was aimed to determine antifungal activity of skin secretion of two species of anurans endemic in Indonesia, the bleeding toad Leptophryne cruentata and the javan tree frog Rhacophorus margaritifer. We collected 7 adults of L. cruentata and 10 adults of R. margaritifer from the wild in Mount Gede Pangrango National Park, West Java. The toads and frogs were induced to release skin secretion using a nonlethal induction technique based on epinephrine injection. The collected skin secretion was filter-sterilized, freeze-dried and subjected to antifungal assay. Results showed that skin secretion of some toads and frogs has antifungal activity against the fungus Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Among the chemical compounds with potential bioactivity detected in the skin secretion include fatty acids, amines and steroids. Therefore, the toad and frog skin secretion has the potential to be developed as a source of antifungal agents.

Antibacterial Activity of Skin Secretion of Bleeding Toad <i>Leptophryne cruentata</i> and Javan Tree Frog <i>Rhacophorus margaritifer</i>

“…The skin secretions of specimen RJ9 contained about 2.4% of pentadecanone (Artika et al, 2015). Volatile components of the plant Minuartia meyeri of northeastern Turkey, which contains pentadecanone as one of the major components, was active in inhibiting growth of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, Enterococcus faecalis and S. aureus (Yayli et al, 2006).…”

“…The chemical components of the toad and frog skin secretions used in this study have been reported (Artika et al, 2015). Compounds with potential antibacterial activity include: fatty acids, triacontane, nonadecane, heptadecane, pregnane, pentadecanone, nonacosane, palustrol and myrtenol.…”

“…We have previously reported the collection of skin secretions from 7 toads L. cruentata (the specimens denoted LC1 to LC7) and 10 frogs R. margaritifer also known as R. javanus (the specimens denoted RJ1 to RJ10) (Artika et al, 2015). All of the specimens were collected from Mount Gede Pangrango National Park, West Java, Indonesia.…”

Antimicrobial Compounds from Skin Secretions of Species That Belong to the Bufonidae Family

“…The skin secretions of Leptophryne cruentata show antifungal activity against Trichophyton mentagrophytes ; forty microliters caused an inhibition halo of 14.5 ± 2.9 mm diameter [ 51 ]. Furthermore, the skin secretions of Rhinella icterica showed antifungal activity against Candida krusei [ 28 ].…”