Antifungal vapour‐phase activity of allyl‐isothiocyanate against Penicillium expansum on pears

Abstract

The fungitoxicity of allyl-isothiocyanate (AITC) vapour against Penicillium expansum , the causal agent of blue mould on pears (cvs Conference and Kaiser), was evaluated. The best control of blue mould was obtained by exposing fruits for 24 h in a 5 mg L -1 AITC-enriched atmosphere, the extent of control depending on the inoculum density. Lesion diameter was inversely related to AITC concentration. In treated fruits the percentage of infected wounds increased with conidial concentration, with fewer than 20% affected at 1 × 10 3 conidia mL -1 to almost 80% at 1 × 10 6 conidia mL -1 . In comparison, >98% of wounds were infected in untreated fruits irrespective of conidial concentration. AITC treatments were effective up to 24 h after inoculation for Conference and 48 h for Kaiser. AITC treatments also controlled a thiabendazole-resistant strain of P. expansum , reducing the incidence of blue mould by 90% in both cultivars. The use of AITC produced from pure sinigrin or from Brassica juncea defatted meal may be an economically viable alternative to synthetic fungicides against P. expansum .

Susceptibility to blue mold caused by Penicillium expansum in apple cultivars adapted to a cool climate

“…Frukter är mest mottagliga för angreppet strax efter blomning och känsligheten minskar under sommaren för att åter öka något, närmare skörden. Om blommorna infekteras kan sjukdomen utvecklas under odlingssäsongen men smittan kan också ligga latent och utvecklas först när frukten ligger i lagret (Mari et al 2002;Weibel et al 2005). Växtskyddsbehandling bör göras redan i samband med att blomningen avslutas för att minska risken för rester av bekämpningsmedel i frukten.…”

Antimicrobial and Antifungal Activity of Volatile Extracts of 10 Herb Species against Glomerella cingulata

“…Examples of natural antimicrobial phytochemicals in plant extracts include allyl isothiocyanate from mustard, which inhibits the growth of P. expansum (Mari et al, 2002), and phenolic compounds in thyme oil, which exhibit antimicrobial effects on foodborne bacteria (Cosentino et al, 1999). The Food and Drug Administration in the United States has defined these extracts a status of "Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS)".…”

Combined Effect of Mustard and Hop Extract Agents with Emulsifier on Microbial Quality and Physiology of Fresh-cut Vegetables

“…Although AITC vapor has been shown to inactivate microbes and its biofilms existing at the complicated sites of agricultural products, an aqueous extract of AITC has been reported to be minimally effective in killing microbes (Park et al, 2000;Mari et al, 2002). In this study, the population of mesophilic aerobic bacteria and coliform group of cabbage shreds treated with MEA solution with or without SE were 0.3 to 0.7 logs, respectively, lower than that of the water-dipped control during the first 2 days of storage at 10℃ (Figure 1).…”

“…Isshiki et al (1992) and Delaquis and Sholberg (1997) also reported that AITC vapor was effective in inhibiting the growth of some bacteria. Other researchers indicated in in vivo studies the presence of antimicrobial activity of AITC for some microbes on pears (Mari et al, 2002), bell peppers (Troncoso et al, 2005), bread (Nielsen and Rios, 2000), ground beef (Nadarajah et al, 2005), and tuna meat (Hasegawa et al, 1999). The antimicrobial activity of AITC seemed to be more effective for Gram-negative bacteria and fungi than for Gram-positive bacteria (Shin et al, 2004).…”