Antifungals in Birds

Prospective Postmortem Assessment of the Incidence of Mammary Neoplasia in Chimpanzees (Pan Troglodytes)

“…A 25-yr review of the pathology of chimpanzees in AZA-accredited institutions conducted between 1995 and 2020 revealed a single incidental historic case of mammary neoplasia in a senior adult female (>30 yr). 12 Additionally, a 46-yr-old female died during the time period of the current study and presented metastatic mammary neoplasia as cause of death (Gamble, pers. comm.).…”

“…Historically, literature indicates neoplasia is not as common a finding overall in other apes as it is in humans. 2,16 Although female reproductive tract neoplasms are the most common neoplasia in both gorillas and chimpanzees, 12,16 these neoplasms are focused to the caudal reproductive tract (e.g., leiomyomas of the uterus, vagina, ovary, and cervix) and are generally considered benign and incidental. A 25-yr review of the pathology of chimpanzees in AZA-accredited institutions conducted between 1995 and 2020 revealed a single incidental historic case of mammary neoplasia in a senior adult female (>30 yr).…”

“…19 As such, humans are often used as a “domestic animal model” for chimpanzees, and common conditions are compared. 1,2,12 One such common condition in humans is mammary neoplasia, which is diagnosed at a lifetime rate of 1:8 in human females in the United States. Mammary neoplasia is the second most common cancer in human females and is reported in the United States as one of the three leading causes of their death.…”