Antigenic Characteristics and Classification of Togaviridae

Porterfield, J. S.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-625380-1.50007-2

Cited by 116 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…We are currently investigating the synthesis of Kunjin virus-specified glycoproteins in infected cells, and comparing the properties of E and GPI9 from virions and slowly sedimenting haemagglutinating particles with those of their likely precursors in infected cells (Wright et al, 1980(Wright et al, , 1981. During these studies it became clear that the E protein of Kunjin virus, a member of the mosquito-borne West Nile virus (WNV)-Murray Valley encephalitis virus (MVEV) subgroup in the flavivirus genus (Porterfield, 1980;Westaway, 1966), may not be glycosylated. The E proteins of several flaviviruses, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Envelope Protein of the Flavivirus Kunjin is Apparently Not Glycosylated

Wright

1982

Journal of General Virology

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SUMMARYThe envelope protein E (formerly designated V3) of the flavivirus Kunjin was not labelled with radioactive galactose, mannose or glucosamine during virus growth in Vero cells. On electrophoresis through polyacrylamide gels containing SDS, the envelope (E) protein migrated more rapidly than related intracellular virus-specified glycoproteins. Furthermore, E had a density in CsC1 solution consistent with that of a protein lacking carbohydrate, and did not bind to concanavalin A-agarose. In contrast, the envelope glycoprotein of Murray Valley encephalitis virus (MVEV) did bind to concanavalin A under similar conditions and was readily labelled with radioactive mannose. These results suggested that the E protein of Kunjin virus was not glycosylated, a feature not shared with MVEV and West Nile virus (WNV), whose properties were consistent with the presence of oligosaccharides attached to the envelope proteins. When Kunjin virions were labelled with radioactive glucosamine, the label was contained in GP19 (formerly NV2). The glycopeptides derived by Pronase digestion of GP19 from Kunjin virions were larger than those derived from GP 19 obtained from infected cells.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Envelope Protein of the Flavivirus Kunjin is Apparently Not Glycosylated

Wright

1982

Journal of General Virology

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“…Kunjin (KUN), a flavivirus closely related antigenically to a complex of encephalitogenic viruses, including Murray Valley encephalitis virus (MVE) (Porterfield, 1980), was isolated first from Culex annulirostris mosquitoes in northern Queensland in 1960 (Doherty et al, 1963). Subsequently, KUN has been obtained repeatedly from mosquitoes collected in the Murray Valley region of Victoria and N.S.W.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GENETIC ANALYSIS OF KUNJIN VIRUS ISOLATES USING HAEIII AND TAQI RESTRICTION DIGESTS OF SINGLE‐STRANDED cDNA TO VIRION RNA

Lobigs

Weir

Dalgarno

1986

Aust J Exp Biol Med

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Summary. The genotypic relatedness of 15 Kunjin (KUN) virus isolates from widely separated geographic regions in Australia was examined at the molecular level. Haelll and TaqI restriction digest profiles of cDNA transcribed from virion RNA revealed a close genetic similarity between all isolates. We estimate that the nucleotide sequence divergence between any pair of KUN . isolates is probably less than 1%. We conclude that a single KUN genetic type has existed in enzootic and epizootic areas of virus activity over an extended time span. The epidemiological implications of these results are discussed.

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“…There is evidence suggesting that the more severe forms of dengue fever occur when individuals (usually children) with cross-reactive but non-protective antibodies, acquired maternally or induced by prior infection with a different serotype, are naturally exposed to dengue virus infection (Halstead, 1981(Halstead, , 1988. Despite much research, effective dengue virus vaccines are not yet available, so the antigenic properties of dengue viruses have received much attention.Currently, four distinct dengue virus serotypes (types 1 to 4; DEN1 to DEN4) can be distinguished by complement fixation (CF), haemagglutination-inhibition and neutralization tests (Porterfield, 1980). Two Thai isolates are of particular interest.…”

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Envelope protein sequences of dengue virus isolates TH-36 and TH-Sman, and identification of a type-specific genetic marker for dengue and tick-borne flaviviruses

Shiu

Jiang

Porterfield³

et al. 1992

Journal of General Virology

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Complementary DNAs were synthesized from the envelope protein genes of two isolates of dengue virus (TH-36 and TH-Sman, previously suggested as possible dengue virus type 5 and dengue virus type 6 respectively) and amplified by the polymerase chain reaction using sense and antisense primers designed from conserved dengue virus gene sequences. The amplified cDNA clones were sequenced in both directions by double-stranded dideoxynucleotide sequencing. Alignment with published dengue virus sequences enabled us to assign these viruses accurately to classified serotypes, confirming that TH-36 and THSman are strains of dengue virus type 2 and dengue virus type 1 respectively. Amino acid changes between the proteins encoded by these two isolates and strains of their respective serotypes may account for the significant antigenic differences observed during previous serological typing of these viruses. Moreover, sequence alignment of flavivirus envelope proteins revealed a hypervariable region, within which members of the dengue and tick-borne virus antigenic complexes show unique peptide sequences. This type-specific hypervariable domain may be useful as a genetic marker for typing dengue and tick-borne flaviviruses.Dengue viruses, mosquito-borne members of the family Flaviviridae (Westaway et al., 1985), are responsible for classic dengue fever and for the associated conditions dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome, each of which has a high level of morbidity and mortality in the tropics. There is evidence suggesting that the more severe forms of dengue fever occur when individuals (usually children) with cross-reactive but non-protective antibodies, acquired maternally or induced by prior infection with a different serotype, are naturally exposed to dengue virus infection (Halstead, 1981(Halstead, , 1988. Despite much research, effective dengue virus vaccines are not yet available, so the antigenic properties of dengue viruses have received much attention.Currently, four distinct dengue virus serotypes (types 1 to 4; DEN1 to DEN4) can be distinguished by complement fixation (CF), haemagglutination-inhibition and neutralization tests (Porterfield, 1980). Two Thai isolates are of particular interest. Strain TH-36 wasThe sequence data reported in this article have been deposited with the DDBJ, EMBL and GenBank databases under the accession numbers D01073 (TH-Sman) and D01074 (TH-36). isolated in 1958 by Hammon and co-workers from a patient with DHF in Bangkok, and TH-Sman was isolated from a similar patient by Dr Sman Vardhanabhuti. Strain TH-36 was initially identified as DEN2 and TH-Sman as DEN 1, but both were shown to differ to a significant degree from the respective prototype strains by CF, plaque neutralization, immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis tests (Hammon et al., 1961; Hammon & Sather, 1964a, b; Ibrahim & Hammon, 1968a, b;Ibrahim et al., 1968). Tests using the soluble complement-fixing antigen also showed that strain THSman differed from the prototype DEN1 virus, but TH-36 was ind...

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Antigenic Characteristics and Classification of Togaviridae

Cited by 116 publications

References 109 publications

Envelope Protein of the Flavivirus Kunjin is Apparently Not Glycosylated

Envelope Protein of the Flavivirus Kunjin is Apparently Not Glycosylated

GENETIC ANALYSIS OF KUNJIN VIRUS ISOLATES USING HAEIII AND TAQI RESTRICTION DIGESTS OF SINGLE‐STRANDED cDNA TO VIRION RNA

Envelope protein sequences of dengue virus isolates TH-36 and TH-Sman, and identification of a type-specific genetic marker for dengue and tick-borne flaviviruses

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