Antigenicity Prediction in Melittin: Possibilities of in Drug Development from Apis dorsata

Abstract

The bee venom is used for treating a wide variety of conditions from acute tendonitis to chronic back pain to rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The major treatment is gene therapy or recombinant DNA vaccines involved in targeting multiple antigenic components to direct and empower the immune system to protect the host from infection. Limitations of therapy for the treatment of patients suffering from various adverse reaction and contraindications are always experienced. Antigenic epitopes on melittin protein of Apis dorsata are important determinants of protection against rheumatoid arthritis. As our knowledge of the immune responses to a protein antigen progressed, it became clear that the whole protein is not necessary for raising the immune response, but small segments as 4-AILKVLSTGLPALIS-18 of protein called the antigenic determinants or the epitopes, are sufficient for eliciting the desired immune response. Immunization cassettes should be capable of immunizing broad immunity against both humoral and cellular epitopes, thus giving vaccines the maximum ability to deal with A. dorsata immune escape against rheumatoid arthritis.

Major plant viruses: an overview

“…Bioinformatics is particularly information from several techniques is combined, including experimental confimation of protein antigenicity predictions etc. (Gomase and Changbhale, 2007;. Sequence data of genome of different viruses are being available in the gene bank and all such sequences may be used to find out the closeness of the different isolates, species and genus of The genome is (+) sense ss RNA with a VPg (a genomelinked protein covalently bound to the 5'end) and with a 3' poly A portion.…”