Antigenotoxic activities of crude extracts from Acacia salicina leaves

Abstract

For centuries, plants have been used in traditional medicines and there has been recent interest in the chemopreventive properties of compounds derived from plants. In the present study, we investigated the effects of extracts of Acacia salicina leaves on the genotoxicity of benzo[a]pyrene (B(a)P) and nifuroxazide in the SOS Chromotest. Aqueous, total oligomers flavonoids (TOF)-enriched, petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts were prepared from powdered Acacia leaves, and characterized qualitatively for the presence of tannins, flavonoids, and sterols. All the extracts significantly decreased the genotoxicity induced by 1 microg B(a)P (+S9) and 10 microg nifuroxazide (-S9). The TOF-enriched and methanol extracts decreased the SOS response induced by B(a)P to a greater extent, whereas the TOF-enriched and the ethyl acetate extracts exhibited increased activity against the SOS response produced by nifuroxazide. In addition, the aqueous, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts showed increased activity in scavenging the 1,1-diphenyl- 2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical, while 100-300 microg/ml of all the test extracts were active in inhibiting O2-production in a xanthine/xanthine oxidase system. In contrast, only the petroleum ether extract was effective at inhibiting nitroblue tetrazolium reduction by the superoxide radical in a nonenzymatic O2- -generating system. The present study indicates that extracts of A. salicina leaves are a significant source of compounds with antigenotoxic and antioxidant activity (most likely phenolic compounds and sterols), and thus may be useful for chemoprevention.

Antibacterial and cytotoxic activities of extracts from (Tunisian)Rhamnus alaternus (Rhamnaceae)

“…The weak cytotoxic activities exhibited by some R. alaternus extracts against the two cell lines indicated that the compounds present in the extracts are non cytotoxic. However, since reactive oxygen radicals play an important role in carcinogenesis (Lee et al, 1998, Abdelwahed et al, 2007Bouhlel et al, 2007;Ben Mansour et al, 2007), it is possible to suggest that the presence of antioxidants in the active R. alaternus extracts (Chevolleau et al, 1992;Ben Ammar et al, 2005) may play some role in reducing cell number. High antibacterial and high cytotoxic activities were observed in the A 2 fraction compared to the aqueous extract A.…”

Activity of cholesterol oxidase immobilized on Layered Double Hydroxide nanomaterials for biosensor application: Acacia salicina scavenging power of hypercholesterolemia therapy

“…As far as, hexane extract prepared from Acacia salicina leaves has been revealed in previous works as enriched by sterols [25]; these sterols were responsible for antioxidant activity, that has been observed in that work. We have opted in our study for the determination of the ability of this extract, for reducing the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) using the enzymatic system cholesterol/cholesterol oxidase.…”

“…However, a comparative study of the same species, collected from two Tunisian regions (Monastir and Médenine), showed that the antioxidant activity is more extensive inside the plant samples collected from Medenine compared to those of Monastir. This result could be explained by the richness of phytosterols in Médenine plants, to which we have attributed the biological activities [25,28]. Furthermore, we have evaluated the ability of a hexane extract, prepared from fresh leaves of A. salicina on decreasing H 2 O 2 rate.…”

“…The biosensor retains 95% (89% respectively) of the original response after 5 weeks (8 weeks), than 50% lost of its initial activity was observed after 13 weeks. [25] showed that the extract is rich in phytosterols. Due to the similar structure to cholesterol, it can bind to the same active site on the enzyme, inhibiting it from transforming cholesterol and consequently the production of H 2 O 2 .…”

Antimutagenic Effects of Tannic Acid on Somatic and Germ Cells of Rats

“…Phenolic acids have been shown to be anti-oxidant and it is a potent antagonist of the mutagenicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) such as T benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) (Mansour et al, 2007). Benzo(a)pyrene is a semi-volatile, lipophilic, high molecular weight compound that belongs to the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) family.…”