Antigenotoxic and Antioxidant Activity of Methanol Stem Bark Extract of Napoleona Vogelii Hook & Planch (Lecythidaceae) In Cyclophosphamide-Induced Genotoxicity

Abstract

BACKGROUND:Napoleona vogelii is used in traditional medicine for cancer management.AIM:The study was conducted to evaluate the antigenotoxic and antioxidant activities of methanol stem bark extract of N. vogelii in male Sprague Dawley rats.MATERIALS AND METHOD:Thirty male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into group 1 (control) administered 10 mL/kg distilled water, groups 2 and 3 were co-administered 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg of N. vogelli and 5 mg/kg cyclophosphamide (CPA) respectively for 7 days p.o. Groups 4 and 5 were administered only 5 mg/kg CPA and 200 mg/kg NV respectively.RESULTS:The LD50 oral was greater than 4 g/kg. There were significant (p < 0.0001) increases in plasma enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant enzymes and significant (p < 0.0001) decrease in percentage micronuclei in bone marrow of extract treated rats compared to rats administered 5 mg/kg CPA alone. There was steatosis pointing to cytotoxic injury in the liver of rats co-administered 200 mg/kg NV and 5 mg/kg CPA. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the extract showed the presence of phytol and unsaturated fatty acids.CONCLUSION:N. vogelii possesses antigenotoxic and antioxidant activities associated with the presence of phytochemicals, phytol and unsaturated fatty acids.

Bioactivity and modulatory functions of Napoleona vogelii on oxidative stress-induced micronuclei and apoptotic biomarkers in mice

“…The extract was found to contain the following compounds; Tridecanoic acid (0.38%), Pentadecanoic acid (0.97%), n- Hexadecanoic acid (29.81%), 9, 12 – Octadecadienoic acid (0.23%), 9 – Octadecenoic acid (2.64%), 7- Hexadecenoic acid (0.41%), phytol (0.34%), methyl stearate (0.67%), Oleic acid (48.57%), Octadecanoic acid (14.66%) and cis–10–Nonadecenoic acid (1.33%) [40]. The structures of these compounds are as shown (see supplementary file).…”

“…The bioactive constituents in the extract were identified by Gas chromatography mass spectrometry [40].…”

Zootechnical, Pharmacological Uses and Chemical Composition of &lt;i&gt;Napoleonaea vogelii&lt;/i&gt; Hook &amp; Planch (Lecythidaceae) in West Africa&lt;br/&gt;—A Review

“…In the methanol stem bark extract of N. vogelii, diterpene alcohol and unsaturated fatty acids were identified and are as follows: Tridecanoic acid, Pentadecanoic acid, n-Hexadecanoic acid, 9, 12-Octadecadienoic acid, 9-Octadecenoic acid, 7-Hexadecenoic acid, Phytol, Oleic acid, Octadecanoic acid, cis-10-Nonadecenoic acid and Methyl stearate. These compounds have been identified by Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry which is an analytical method that combines the features of gas-chromatography and mass spectrometry to identify different substances within a test sample [28].…”