Antihyperglycemic Effect of Aqueous Extract of Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae Rhamnoides L.) Seed Residues in Streptozotocin-Treated and High Fat-Diet-Fed Rats

Abstract

The present study was designed to investigate the antihyperglycemic activity of the aqueous extract of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) seed residues (ASSR) in streptozotocin (STZ) and high‐fat diet (HFD)‐induced type 2 diabetic rats. Male Sprague‐Dawley rats were divided into a normal control group (control), diabetic group and diabetic group supplemented with ASSR. Type 2 diabetes was induced by intravenous injection of low‐dose STZ (25 mg/kg b.w.) and feeding with HFD for 10 weeks. Vehicle (distilled water) and ASSR (400 mg/kg b.w.) were orally administered once a day for 6 weeks. Our results showed that administration of ASSR significantly lowered the body weight, serum glucose, total cholesterol and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in diabetic rats. Meanwhile, ASSR also significantly increased insulin sensitivity index in diabetic rats. These results suggest that ASSR might exhibit hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects in the STZ–HFD‐induced type 2 diabetic rats. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) bush, bearing delicious and nutritious orange‐colored berries, is locally called “Shaji” in China. The berry of sea buckthorn is one of the edible crude herbs that have been in use in Tibetan and Mongolian traditional medicines for a long time. In addition to medicinal use, the berries are processed into various products such as juice and marmalade, and are used for flavoring of dairy products. As a part of sea buckthorn berry, its seed is a by‐product of the berry processing industry and also contains many bioactive substances. It was demonstrated in this study that ASSR was of hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic properties in experimental type 2‐like diabetic rats. Therefore, seed residues of sea buckthorn and its aqueous extract could be added as supplement in health‐care food or drugs or combined with other hypoglycemic drugs.

Hesperidin and naringin attenuate hyperglycemia-mediated oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokine production in high fat fed/streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats

“…In addition, the activities of the principal enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems are decreased during oxidative stress (Maritim et al, 2003;Rahimi et al, 2005). In our study, the activities of hepatic SOD, GR, GPx and catalase decreased in diabetes group as reported earlier (Gokce and Haznedaroglu, 2008;Zhang et al, 2010) which could be due to inactivation caused by STZ-generated ROS. Treatment of diabetes with hesperidin and naringin had reversed the activities of these enzymatic antioxidants, which might be due to decreased oxidative stress as evidenced by decreased LPO.…”

“…The cytotoxic action of STZ is associated with the generation of ROS causing oxidative damage that culminates in β-cell destruction through the induction of apoptosis and suppression of insulin biosynthesis (Szkudelski, 2001;Zhang et al, 2010). Although the β-cells cytotoxic activity of STZ is not fully understood, it is thought to be mediated by the inhibition of free radical scavenger-enzymes thereby enhancing the production of the superoxide radical which can damage pancreatic β-cells (Zhang et al, 2010).…”

“…The cytotoxic action of STZ is associated with the generation of ROS causing oxidative damage that culminates in β-cell destruction through the induction of apoptosis and suppression of insulin biosynthesis (Szkudelski, 2001;Zhang et al, 2010). Although the β-cells cytotoxic activity of STZ is not fully understood, it is thought to be mediated by the inhibition of free radical scavenger-enzymes thereby enhancing the production of the superoxide radical which can damage pancreatic β-cells (Zhang et al, 2010). In addition, the intracellular metabolism of STZ produces nitric oxide that hastens DNA fragmentation, leading to hasty necrosis of the β-cells thereby the rate of insulin synthesis is diminished that ultimately resulted to a clinical condition known as hyperglycemia (Turk et al, 1993).…”

Protective effect of phloretin on hyperglycemia mediated oxidative stress in experimental diabetic rats

“…The cytotoxic action of STZ is associated with the generation of ROS causing oxidative damage [32,33]. The cytotoxic activity of STZ is mediated by the inhibition of free radical scavenging enzyme thereby enhancing the production of superoxide radical which can damage pancreatic β-cell.…”

Effect of micro wet milling process on particle sizes, antioxidants, organic acids, and specific phenolic compounds of whole sea buckthorn ( Hippophae rhamnoides L.) juices

“…The SBT has been one of the edible natural berries used for a long time in traditional medicines and food in Central Asia Yes, matched and confirmed (Zhang, 2010;Yang et al, 1999). The whole berries consist of pulp of 70%, seeds of 22%, and the peel of 8% (Burcova et al, 2016) The processing of the juice, the pulp residue of the berries becomes rich in pulp oil which contains 24%-39% palmitoleic acid (Yang et al, 1999).…”