Antihyperglycemic effect of thymoquinone and oleuropein, on streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus in experimental animals

Abstract

Background:Diabetes mellitus is one of the most important diseases related with endocrines. Its main manifestation includes abnormal metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids and inappropriate hyperglycemia that is caused by absolute or relative insulin deficiency. It affects humankind worldwide.Objectives:Our research was aimed to observe antihyperglycemic activity of thymoquinone and oleuropein.Materials and Methods:In this study, rats were divided into six groups, 6 rats in each. Diabetes was inducted by streptozotocin (STZ). The level of fasting blood glucose was determined for each rats during the experiment, doses of thymoquinone and oleuropein (3 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg) for both, were injected intraperitoneal. Pancreatic tissues were investigated to compare β-cells in diabetic and treated rats.Result and Conclusion:It was found that thymoquinone and oleuropein significantly decrease serum Glucose levels in STZ induced diabetic rats.

Effect of Caesalpinia bonduc Polyphenol Extract on Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats in Attenuating Hyperglycemia by Upregulating Insulin Secretion and Inhibiting JNK Signaling Pathway

“…The pancreatic tissue of alloxan-induced diabetic rat demonstrated degeneration and inflammatory cellular infiltration, vacuolization, congestion, atrophy, massive necrotic changes, regression in the size of all β cells, and pycnotic nuclei compared to control group (Figure 2(b)). These histopathological changes observed in the positive control group were like those reported previously [64]. Use of 250 mg/kg of CPP extract in alloxanized hyperglycemic rats produced marked improvement in cellular injuries as evident from partial restoration of islets and β cells mass (Figure 2(c)).…”

Beneficial effects of oleuropein on glucose uptake and on parameters relevant to the normal homeostatic mechanisms of glucose regulation in rat skeletal muscle

“…Oleuropein, a heterosidic ester of elenolic acid and dihydroxyphenylethanol, is the most abundant (60-90 mg/g) phenolics found in olive fruit and leaves (De Marino et al, 2014;Rigacci & Stefani, 2016) and has been reported to exhibit various therapeutic and pharmacological properties (Barbaro et al, 2014;Bulotta et al, 2014), including its ability to suppress hyperglycemia in various diabetic models. Much of these studies have been carried out either in cell lines (Hadrich et al, 2016) or in vivo model (Al-Azzawie & Alhamdani, 2006;Jemai, El Feki, & Sayadi, 2009;Sangi, Sulaiman, El-Wahab, Ahmedani, & Ali, 2015). Although in vivo model creates disturbance in the substrate-endocrine milieu that can further complicate identification of the mechanisms of action of oleuropein, the cell line model also does not necessarily reflect biochemical events that occur in mature mammalian skeletal muscles and can only provide limited insight as to how oleuropein acts.…”

GC-MS-based Metabolomic Profiling of Thymoquinone in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Nephropathy in Rats

“…Hyperglycemia contributes to oxidative and osmotic stress, which leads to diabetic microvascular complications including DN [24,25]. TQ is known to have antioxidant properties [26][27][28]. In addition, the oxidative stress markers (i.e., MDA, GSH, SOD, and catalase) evaluated in our study indicated the antioxidative potential of TQ treatment in DM.…”