Antihypertensive effect of Phragmanthera incana (Schum) Balle on NG-nitro-L-Arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) induced hypertensive rats

Adedapo, Aduragbenro Deborah; Ajayi, Abayomi Mayowa; Ekwunife, Nancy Losie; Falayi, Olufunke Olubunmi; Oyagbemi, Ademola Adetokunbo; Omóbòwálé, Temidayo Olutayo

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2020.112888

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Mistletoes are of the families of Loranthaceaeae and Viscaceae. Most genera of African/Nigerian mistletoes belong to the family Loranthaceae [3]. Mistletoe was described as "an all-purpose herb" due to its vast ethno-medicinal usage, which include;…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nutritional composition of Phragmanthera incana (Schum) leaves selected from four host trees

Adeyemi¹,

Osilesi²

2022

J. Phyto. Therap.

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Phragmanthera incana (Schum) belonging to the family Loranthaceae, is a specie of mistletoe commonly found on trees in South-western part of Nigeria. They are hemi-parasitic plants that grow on trees which have been employed ethno-medicinally to treat several disease conditions. This study therefore evaluate the dietary and nutritional composition of the plant. Fresh leaves of P. incana from four host trees; Psidium guajava (guava), Cola acuminata (kolanut), Anacardium occidentale (cashew), and Mangifera indica (mango) trees were collected from its natural habitat. Proximate and mineral analysis were carried out according to recommended methods of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). Triplicate readings of data obtained were presented as mean and standard deviation. The proximate analysis of the powdered samples of P. incana leaves showed that the samples contain varying amounts of moisture, ash, crude protein, crude fat, crude fibre, carbohydrate and minerals The carbohydrates and protein contents obtained in the leaves falls within the recommendation values of Food and Nutrition Board of Institute of Medicines (IOM) at 45% to 65% of energy and 10% to 35% of energy respectively. Comparing the results obtained with permissible limits set by WHO for consumed medicinal herbs, it can be concluded that the essential metals and heavy metals present in P. incana from the four host trees were below permissible limits. P. incana leaves are rich sources of dietary elements essential for biochemical processes and body metabolism.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…antihypertensive, antidiabetic, antispasmodic, diuretic agents and in the treatment of headache, infertility, epilepsy, menopausal syndrome, rheumatism, hyperlipidemia and general wellbeing [3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional composition of Phragmanthera incana (Schum) leaves selected from four host trees

Adeyemi¹,

Osilesi²

2022

J. Phyto. Therap.

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“…Endothelial dysfunction characterized by the reduction in NO biodisponibility is the common cause of essential hypertension, which represents at least 90% of hypertensive cases [ 19 ]. L-NAME-induced arterial hypertension mimics perfectly the clinical conditions of essential hypertension and has been intensively used as an experimental model in drug discovery against arterial hypertension and its complications [ 20 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antihypertensive Effects of the Methanol Extract and the Ethyl Acetate Fraction from Crinum zeylanicum (Amaryllidaceae) Leaves in L-NAME-Treated Rat

Ndjenda

Nguelefack‐Mbuyo

Atsamo

et al. 2021

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Arterial hypertension (AHT) is a leading cardiovascular disease, with a high negative impact on the quality of life. Crinum zeylanicum (C. zeylanicum) leaves extract is used in the West region of Cameroon to treat AHT and heart problems. This study aimed to investigate the antihypertensive effect of C. zeylanicum extract in Nω-nitro-L‐arginine methyl ester- (L‐NAME-) induced hypertensive rats. The aqueous extract of C. zeylanicum (LAE) was obtained by lyophilizing the juice of triturated fresh leaves. The methanol extract (LME) prepared by maceration of the dried leaves was further partitioned to chloroform (LCF), ethyl acetate (LEAF), and residual (LRF) fractions. The total polyphenol, flavonoid content, and antiradical potentials of these extracts were determined. The curative antihypertensive and renal function protective effects of LME and LEAF were evaluated in vivo on L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats. Hypertension was induced in rats by oral administration of L-NAME (30 mg/kg/day) for 3 consecutive weeks. Thereafter, plant extracts were administered orally at the doses of 30, 60, and 120 mg/kg/day, concomitantly with L-NAME for three other weeks. Body weight, heart rate, and arterial blood pressure were measured at the end of each week throughout the experimental period. At the end of the treatment, 24-hour urine and plasma were collected to assay nitric oxide (NO), creatinine, and protein. The results revealed that LEAF has the higher content of total polyphenol and flavonoid and exhibited the best antiradical potential. Moreover, treatment of hypertensive rats with LME and LEAF significantly ( p < 0.001 ) reduced AHT and heart rate. LME and LEAF significantly increased rat’s body mass, plasmatic NO, and urinary creatinine and reduced urine NO and protein contents as compared to the L-NAME group. LME and its LEAF possess potent antihypertensive effects and further protect the renal function in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats, thus supporting the use of C. zeylanicum in the management of AHT.

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“…After absorption, pharmaceuticals may undergo some structural changes with the consecutive change in activity, which can increase, decrease or even change. Since the discovery of chloramphenicol in 1947, nitro containing cycles and heterocycles have been extensively investigated due to their antibacterial activity; however, nitro containing molecules exhibit a wide variety of biological activities that are attractive to medicinal chemists, for example, some are antineoplastic, antibiotic, antihypertensive, antiparasitic agents, tranquilizers and even herbicides, among many others [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. The nitro group (NO 2 ) is a functional group formed by one nitrogen atom linked to two oxygens, it is a particularly electron-withdrawing moiety since the N has no lone pair, hence it bears a positive charge (Figure 1) [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Diverse Biological Activity of Recently Synthesized Nitro Compounds

et al. 2022

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The search for new and efficient pharmaceuticals is a constant struggle for medicinal chemists. New substances are needed in order to treat different pathologies affecting the health of humans and animals, and these new compounds should be safe, effective and have the fewest side effects possible. Some functional groups are known for having biological activity; in this matter, the nitro group (NO2) is an efficient scaffold when synthesizing new bioactive molecules. Nitro compounds display a wide spectrum of activities that include antineoplastic, antibiotic, antihypertensive, antiparasitic, tranquilizers and even herbicides, among many others. Most nitro molecules exhibit antimicrobial activity, and several of the compounds mentioned in this review may be further studied as lead compounds for the treatment of H. pylori, P. aeruginosa, M. tuberculosis and S. mutans infections, among others. The NO2 moiety triggers redox reactions within cells causing toxicity and the posterior death of microorganisms, not only bacteria but also multicellular organisms such as parasites. The same effect may be present in humans as well, so the nitro groups can be considered both a pharmacophore and a toxicophore at the same time. The role of the nitro group itself also has a deep effect on the polarity and electronic properties of the resulting molecules, and hence favors interactions with some amino acids in proteins. For these reasons, it is fundamental to analyze the recently synthesized nitro molecules that show any potential activity in order to develop new pharmacological treatments that enhance human health.

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Antihypertensive effect of Phragmanthera incana (Schum) Balle on NG-nitro-L-Arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) induced hypertensive rats

Cited by 22 publications

References 36 publications

Nutritional composition of Phragmanthera incana (Schum) leaves selected from four host trees

Nutritional composition of Phragmanthera incana (Schum) leaves selected from four host trees

Antihypertensive Effects of the Methanol Extract and the Ethyl Acetate Fraction from Crinum zeylanicum (Amaryllidaceae) Leaves in L-NAME-Treated Rat

The Diverse Biological Activity of Recently Synthesized Nitro Compounds

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