Antihypertensive Effects of Virgin Olive Oil (Unfiltered) Low Molecular Weight Peptides with ACE Inhibitory Activity in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Abstract

The low molecular weight peptide composition of virgin olive oil (VOO) is mostly unknown. We hypothesised that unfiltered VOO could possess low molecular weight peptides with antihypertensive activity. We produced unfiltered VOO and obtained a water-soluble peptide extract from it. The peptides were separated by size-exclusion using fast protein liquid chromatography, and the low molecular weight fraction was analysed by nanoscale liquid chromatography-Orbitrap coupled with tandem mass spectrometry and de novo sequencing. We selected 23 peptide sequences containing between 6 and 9 amino acids and molecular masses ranging 698–1017 Da. Those peptides were chemically synthesised and their angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity was studied in vitro. Seven peptides showed a strong activity, with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) <10 µm. The antihypertensive effects of the four most active synthesised ACE inhibitor peptides were studied in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Acute oral administration of synthetic peptides RDGGYCC and CCGNAVPQ showed antihypertensive activity in SHR. We conclude that unfiltered VOO naturally contains low molecular weight peptides with specific ACE inhibitory activity and antihypertensive effects in SHR.

Thai Tea Seed Oil and Virgin Olive Oil Similarly Reduce Plasma Lipids: A Pilot Study within a Healthy Adult Male Population

“…While polyphenols the VOO have been reported to be associated with endothelium‐dependent vasorelaxation via an increased nitric oxide/endothelin‐1 ratio, [ 38 ] and the VOO used here contained four‐fold higher amounts of GAEs than did the TSO, other factors, such as low molecular weight peptides in VOO may have contributed to the observed DBP lowering effect by inhibition of the angiotensin‐converting enzyme, as noted in a hypertensive rat model. [ 39 ]…”

Efficacy of a Novel ACE-Inhibitory Peptide from Sargassum maclurei in Hypertension and Reduction of Intracellular Endothelin-1

“…The results in Table 2 demonstrate that there were 17 peptides identified in fraction D11 by LC-MS/MS analysis. The potential antihypertensive peptides were screened based on the theoretical ACE-inhibitory activity (B) and AHT prediction, which were mainly dependent on ALC (average local confidence; > 85%) and SVMS (vector machine software score, > 0) of the peptides calculated using the BIOPEP and AHTPDB databases, respectively [31,37]. The potential ACE-inhibitory activity, antihypertensive activity and physicochemical properties of the 17 peptides are shown in Table 2.…”

“…The potential ACE-inhibitory activity, antihypertensive activity and physicochemical properties of the 17 peptides are shown in Table 2. Among the 17 peptides identified in the SMPHs, only the peptide RWDISQPY (1063.5 Da) showed potential ACE-inhibitory activity and antihypertensive ability, which was because of the calculated B value (0.0016), high score of ALC value (91%), and SVM (0.34) [37]. Thus, it was chosen for chemical synthesis.…”

Soybean (Glycine max) Protein Hydrolysates as Sources of Peptide Bitter-Tasting Indicators: An Analysis Based on Hybrid and Fragmentomic Approaches

“…Although the term "fragmentomics" is not widely used in publications, it represents one of the common contemporary strategies of research on bioactive peptides. Recent applications of fragmentomics concerning the bioactivity of peptides derived from various food sources have been described by Sutopo et al [41], Alcaide-Hidalgo et al [42], and Kinariwala et al [43].…”