Antimalarial and Anti-hypoglycemic Properties of Siamese Neem Tree (Azadirachta indica) in Plasmodium berghei Infected Mice

Somsak, Voravuth; Chachiyo, Sukanya

doi:10.4172/2470-6965.1000134

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The residue from oil extraction, known as neem cake, contains organic nitrogen and is useful as livestock feed or natural fertilizer. Numerous studies on insects have utilized neem oil (7,62,81,82). Neem Bark: While not as widely employed as neem seeds and leaves in biopesticide applications, neem bark extracts have demonstrated significant potential (83).…”

Section: Findings and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neem's Bioactive Marvels: A Therapeutic Review

Zeeshan,

Amjad,

Masood

et al. 2024

JHRR

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Background: Azadirachta indica (Neem), an evergreen, temperature-tolerant flowering plant native to India and Myanmar, is often referred to as "The Village Pharmacy" or "Divine Tree." A member of the Meliaceae family, it has gained global recognition for its extensive health benefits. Almost every part of the neem tree, including leaves, blossoms, seeds, fruits, roots, and bark, finds medicinal use, both in traditional Ayurvedic practices and modern pharmaceutical preparations. Objective: This review aims to discuss the potential of A. indica and its bioactive compounds in medicine. It specifically focuses on their roles in various therapeutic applications such as anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-feedant, growth regulatory, dentistry, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-malarial, insect repellent, anti-hyperlepidemic, anti-cancer, and orodental protection. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted, reviewing ethno-pharmacological studies and scientific research that explore the traditional and current medicinal uses of A. indica. Sources included peer-reviewed journals and scientific databases. The review focused on the analysis of studies that detailed the use of various parts of the neem tree in the treatment of different ailments. Results: The review consolidated findings from numerous studies, highlighting over 40 bioactive compounds present in various parts of the neem tree. Significant therapeutic effects were reported, with anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic properties being the most prominent. Approximately 65% of the studies confirmed the anti-inflammatory effects, while around 60% supported anti-diabetic applications. Other notable findings included growth regulatory and anti-cancer properties, each supported by over 50% of the studies. Conclusion: Neem's diverse bioactive compounds demonstrate a wide range of therapeutic properties, underscoring its title as "The Village Pharmacy." The review confirms the substantial medicinal potential of neem, supporting its traditional uses and suggesting its valuable role in developing new pharmaceuticals. However, more clinical trials are recommended to validate these findings and ensure safe application.

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Section: Findings and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neem's Bioactive Marvels: A Therapeutic Review

Zeeshan,

Amjad,

Masood

et al. 2024

JHRR

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“…Approximately 80% of the global populations relies on herbal remedies as the principal source of medicinal treatments for various illnesses [6]. Notably, certain anti-malarial medications like quinine and artemisinin, have either been derived from plants or constructed based on their chemical compositions [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The leaves of "Neem" have been reported to completely cure experimental malaria at 600 mg in two days, which is quite a high dose [9]. The wonder plant, Azadirachta indica, possesses anti-malarial, anti-microbial, anti-bacterial [6,8], anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory [10], antipyretic and anti-parasitic properties [11]. Nevertheless, Las et al [12] had reported on the contraceptive effects of Neem oil which included a reduction in sperm motility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ameliorative Potential of Azadirachta indica and Gongronema latifolium on Plasmodium-induced Gonadotoxicity in Swiss Mice

Peter,

Edagha,

Peter

et al. 2023

IJAR

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Background: Polyherbal decoctions are frequently utilized by some Africans for anti-malaria treatment because they are readily accessible, and assumed low toxicity despite possible gonadotoxicities. We investigated ameliorative potential of anti-plasmodial plants Azadirachta indica (AI) and Gongronema latifolium (GL) on Plasmodium-induced gonadotoxities. Materials and methods: Adult male Swiss mice (n = 50) were allotted into 10 groups of (n = 5) animals. All groups were parasitized with 1 × 106P. berghei inoculum for three days except for groups 1 and 10; (normal control [NC]) and (non-parasitized mice administered Arthemeter-Lumefantrine [AL]). Group 2 was parasitized non-treated (PNT), groups 3 and 4 received low and high doses AI (86.60 and 259.81 mg), groups 5 and 6 received low and high doses GL (337.27 and 1011.80 mg), Groups 7, and 8 received low doses AI + GL (86.60 + 337.27 mg), and high doses AI + GL (259.81 + 1011.80 mg), while Group 9 received AL (8 mg), all odes via oral gavage per kg body weights, respectively. Rectal temperature, seminal/hormonal, testicular morphometry and histology assessments were evaluated using standard protocols. Results: Concurrent administration of AI and GL alleviated pyrexia and parasitemia in test groups, compared to NC and PNT groups. Testosterone concentrations were reduced in parasitized groups compared to NC, while sperm parameters significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in PNT and high AI + GL extract groups, but improved in combined low dose with testicular histoarchitecture. Conclusions: AI and GL concurrently administered at low doses mitigate P. berghei-induced gonadotoxicity better than as singly. KEYWORDS: Anti-Malaria, Azadirachta Indica, Gongronema Latifolium, Gonadotoxicity, Histology.

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“…Antimalarial activities of many local Thai plants have been reported, for example the Siamese neem tree, green tea extracts, Garcinia mangostana Linn., Phyllanthus emblica, Annona squamosa, Centella asiatica and Ipomoea pes-caprae. [8][9][10][11] The objective of this study was to determine the antimalarial activity against the P. falciparum strain TM267 of ethanol crude extracts from 20 local Thai herbs, Azadirachta indica A., Saccharu mofficinarum L., Curcuma longa L., Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb., Zingiber montanum, Citrus hystrix DC., Hibiscus sabdariffa L., Ocimum sanctum L., Ocimum basilicum L., Allium sativum L., Quercus infectoria, Myristica fragrans Houtt., Strychnos nux-vomica L., Salacia chinensis L., Maclura cochinchinensis Lour., Pentace burmanica Kurz., Mammea siamensis Kosterm., Vitex trifolia Linn., Plumbago indica L. and Dracaena loureiri. Interestingly, this study also examined potential antimalarial drug prediction from PfDHFR docking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Antimalarial Activity and Cytotoxity of 20 Ethanolic Crude Extracts from Thai Herbs Against Plasmodium Falciparum TM267

Horata

Suttirat

Panpanich

et al. 2017

SMJ

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Objective: To determine the antimalarial activity of ethanol crude extracts from 20 Thai herbs against Plasmodiumfalciparum (P. falciparum) chloroquine-resistant strain TM267. Molecular docking of the active compounds from the selected Thaiherbs were analyzed with Plasmodium falciparum dihydrofolate reductase (PfDHFR).Material and Method: An in vitro study of antimalarial activity against P. falciparum TM267 was done using a parasitelactate dehydrogenese assay, and the cytotoxic effects of extracts were tested against Vero cells using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) and 50%cytotoxicity concentration were calculated from the dose-response curves. Molecular docking and post-dockingwere analyzed with the x-ray crystal structure of PfDHFR-thymidylate synthase complexed with pyrimethamine,nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate and deoxyuridylate.Results: Of these, the Plumbago indica L. root extract showed high antimalarial activity, with an IC50 value of 3.7μg/ml and less cytotoxicity when tested against Vero cells, followed by the Citrus hystrix DC. fruit extract, Vitex trifoliaLinn. root extract, Ocimum sanctum L. leave extract, of Allium sativum L. bulb extract and Salacia chinensis L. stem extract,respectively. All 7 active compounds reported from these herbal extracts had high docking scores against PfDHFR.The Citrusoside C from Citrus hystrix DC. had the highest docking score.Conclusion: It could be purposed that there were active compounds in Plumbago indica L., Vitex trifolia Linn. and Citrus hystrix DC. which are potential inhibitors against malaria that could bind to the active site of PfDHFR. However, the active Citrusosides from Citrus hystrix DC. should be further investigated for their effectiveness against malaria.

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Antimalarial and Anti-hypoglycemic Properties of Siamese Neem Tree (Azadirachta indica) in Plasmodium berghei Infected Mice

Cited by 3 publications

References 32 publications

Neem's Bioactive Marvels: A Therapeutic Review

Neem's Bioactive Marvels: A Therapeutic Review

Ameliorative Potential of Azadirachta indica and Gongronema latifolium on Plasmodium-induced Gonadotoxicity in Swiss Mice

In Vitro Antimalarial Activity and Cytotoxity of 20 Ethanolic Crude Extracts from Thai Herbs Against Plasmodium Falciparum TM267

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