Antimicrobial activities of essential oils on microorganisms isolated from radiation dermatitis

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial effect of essential oils obtained from Mediterranean region plants on microorganisms isolated as secondary skin infections in patients with Grade II and III acute radiation dermatitis. Material and Method: The antimicrobial activity of essential oils, Origanum vulgare (O. vulgare), Lavandula intermedia (L. intermedia) and Thymus vulgaris (T. vulgaris) were evaluated by broth microdilution method on microorganisms isolated from 20 patients with Grade II and III radiation dermatitis. Microdilutions had modified according to The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) recommendations and lowest concentration which inhibited growth after incubation was identified as Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). The severity degree of acute radiation dermatitis was graded according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 4.03. Results: Nine pathogenic strains were isolated from 20 samples of the patients. The pathogens isolated from skin swabs of the patients with Grade II and III radiation dermatitis were Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), methicillin-resistant coagulasenegative Staphylococcus (MRCNS), methicillin-sensitive coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (MSCNS), Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) and Candida albicans (C. albicans). Minimal Inhibitory Concentration values of O. vulgare, L. intermedia and T. vulgaris for each isolated microorganisms were found. These essential oils have been found effective on microorganisms isolated from secondary infections of radiation-related dermatitis. Discussion: Antimicrobial activity of O. vulgare, L. intermedia and T. vulgaris essential oils on pathogenic microorganisms isolated from radiation dermatitis were determined. Future use of essential oils in the treatment of acute radiation dermatitis should be considered.

The antibacterial effectiveness of lavender essential oil against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: a systematic review

“…Many were conducted in Poland ( Budzynska et al, 2011 ; Kot et al, 2019 ; Kwiatkowski et al, 2019 ; Adaszynska-Skwirzynska et al, 2020 ; Brozyna et al, 2021 ). Others were conducted in United States, Jordan, Algeria, Italy, China, UK, Spain, Turkey, Romania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Belgium, Portugal, Australia and Morocco ( Edwards-Jones et al, 2004 ; Kirmizibekmez et al, 2009 ; Roller et al, 2009 ; Warnke et al, 2009 ; Voravuthikunchai et al, 2012 ; Haba et al, 2014 ; Said et al, 2015 ; Bekka-Hadji et al, 2016 ; Predoi et al, 2018 ; Bona et al, 2019 ; Koca et al, 2019 ; Man et al, 2019 ; Oancea et al, 2019 ; Ribeiro et al, 2020 ; Abers et al, 2021 ; Cui et al, 2021 ; Di Vito et al, 2021 ; Mesic et al, 2021 ).…”

“…The most common method of testing was microdilution, which was conducted by 15 studies. ( Kirmizibekmez et al, 2009 ; Budzynska et al, 2011 ; Haba et al, 2014 ; Said et al, 2015 ; Bekka-Hadji et al, 2016 ; Predoi et al, 2018 ; Bona et al, 2019 ; Koca et al, 2019 ; Kwiatkowski et al, 2019 ; Man et al, 2019 ; Adaszynska-Skwirzynska et al, 2020 ; Ribeiro et al, 2020 ; Brozyna et al, 2021 ; Cui et al, 2021 ; Di Vito et al, 2021 ). This was followed by disc diffusion, conducted by 12 studies.…”

“…Therefore many varieties of lavender were used, with the most common being Lavandula angustifolia (17 studies) ( Edwards-Jones et al, 2004 ; Roller et al, 2009 ; Budzynska et al, 2011 ; Voravuthikunchai et al, 2012 ; Haba et al, 2014 ; Predoi et al, 2018 ; Kot et al, 2019 ; Kwiatkowski et al, 2019 ; Man et al, 2019 ; Oancea et al, 2019 ; Adaszynska-Skwirzynska et al, 2020 ; Abers et al, 2021 ; Brozyna et al, 2021 ; Di Vito et al, 2021 ; Mesic et al, 2021 ). Other varieties of lavender tested included L. stoechas , L. latifolia, L. spica, L. intermedia, L. luisieri, L. coronopifolia, L. dentata and wild L. angustifolia ( Kirmizibekmez et al, 2009 ; Roller et al, 2009 ; Said et al, 2015 ; Bekka-Hadji et al, 2016 ; Bona et al, 2019 ; Koca et al, 2019 ; Oancea et al, 2019 ; Ribeiro et al, 2020 ; Cui et al, 2021 ). Warnke et al‘s LEO was not specified ( Warnke et al, 2009 ).…”

“…Additionally, there were also 73 strains of clinically extracted MRSA and 23 strains of clinically extracted MSSA ( Kirmizibekmez et al, 2009 ; Roller et al, 2009 ; Voravuthikunchai et al, 2012 ; Said et al, 2015 ; Bekka-Hadji et al, 2016 ; Bona et al, 2019 ; Kot et al, 2019 ; Kwiatkowski et al, 2019 ; Adaszynska-Skwirzynska et al, 2020 ; Brozyna et al, 2021 ). Koca et al also used methicillin-resistant coagulase negative S. aureus (MRCNS) and methicillin-sensitive coagulase-negative S. aureus (MSCNS) ( Koca et al, 2019 ).…”

“…Eight studies followed Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines ( Budzynska et al, 2011 ; Bekka-Hadji et al, 2016 ; Koca et al, 2019 ; Kwiatkowski et al, 2019 ; Man et al, 2019 ; Adaszynska-Skwirzynska et al, 2020 ; Ribeiro et al, 2020 ; Cui et al, 2021 ). Kwiatkowski et al (2019) however made some slight modifications to these guidelines as per their previous study, where a final concentration of 1.0% (v/v) Tween ® 80 was added to the medium to enhance EO solubility ( Kwiatkowski et al, 2018 ; Kwiatkowski et al, 2019 ).…”