Antimicrobial Activities of Lipopeptides and Polyketides of Bacillus velezensis for Agricultural Applications

Abstract

Since the discovery of penicillin, bacteria are known to be major sources of secondary metabolites that can function as drugs or pesticides. Scientists worldwide attempted to isolate novel compounds from microorganisms; however, only less than 1% of all existing microorganisms have been successfully identified or characterized till now. Despite the limitations and gaps in knowledge, in recent years, many Bacillus velezensis isolates were identified to harbor a large number of biosynthetic gene clusters encoding gene products for the production of secondary metabolites. These chemically diverse bioactive metabolites could serve as a repository for novel drug discovery. More specifically, current projects on whole-genome sequencing of B. velezensis identified a large number of biosynthetic gene clusters that encode enzymes for the synthesis of numerous antimicrobial compounds, including lipopeptides and polyketides; nevertheless, their biological applications are yet to be identified or established. In this review, we discuss the recent research on synthesis of bioactive compounds by B. velezensis and related Bacillus species, their chemical structures, bioactive gene clusters of interest, as well as their biological applications for effective plant disease management.

Two Lysine Sites That Can Be Malonylated Are Important for LuxS Regulatory Roles in Bacillus velezensis

“…FZB42 is a potent producer of multiple antibiotics, whose production is governed by many regulators that are also acting in biofilm formation, swarming, and sporulation [ 6 , 38 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 ]. We were, therefore, curious about the effects of these mutations on antibiotic production as well.…”

A Review on the Biotechnological Applications of the Operational Group Bacillus amyloliquefaciens

“…The members of OG Ba were reported to produce antimicrobial compounds used in the suppression of pathogens [ 45 ]. The antimicrobial compounds produced by the member of OG Ba have been reviewed previously [ 8 , 105 ]. The members of OG Ba produced some important antimicrobial compounds ( Figure 3 ), including non-ribosomal peptides (surfactin, fengycin, bacillomycin-D, bacilysin and bacillibactin) and polyketides (bacillaene, macrolactin and difficidin) [ 6 , 105 ].…”

“…The antimicrobial compounds produced by the member of OGBa have been reviewed previously [8,105]. The members of OGBa produced some important antimicrobial compounds (Figure 3), including non-ribosomal peptides (surfactin, fengycin, bacillomycin-D, bacilysin and bacillibactin) and polyketides (bacillaene, macrolactin and difficidin) [6,105]. Non-ribosomal peptides produced by bacteria and fungi contain two or more moieties derived from amino acids [106].…”

A Novel Rhizospheric Bacterium: Bacillus velezensis NKMV-3 as a Biocontrol Agent Against Alternaria Leaf Blight in Tomato

“…[17,18]. Among Bacillus spp., B. velezensis is one of the potential biocontrol agent [19,20]. Literature reports numerousstrains of B. velezensis strains capable of controlling the major plant pathogens (bacteria & fungi) and nematodes [19][20][21][22][23].…”