Antimicrobial activity and antibiotic resistance of lactic acid bacteria isolated from Armada cheese (a Spanish goats’ milk cheese)

Probiotic and Antioxidative Properties ofL. LactisLL27 Isolated from Milk

“…For example, Walther et al (56) reported that all of 72 isolates of lactococci (41 L. lactis, 31 L. garvieae) from bovine milk were susceptible to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, gentamicin, penicillin and vancomycin. the resistance of ll27 to kanamycin, trimethoprim and nalidixic acid is also similar to previous findings (17,22,50).…”

“…The indiscriminate use of antibiotics in human and veterinary medicine has become a primary reason for the development of drug resistance in microorganisms (40). our data on the antibiotic susceptibility of LL27 is consistent with previous findings (22,56). For example, Walther et al (56) reported that all of 72 isolates of lactococci (41 L. lactis, 31 L. garvieae) from bovine milk were susceptible to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, gentamicin, penicillin and vancomycin.…”

Antimicrobial activity and resistance to heavy metals and antibiotics of heterotrophic bacteria isolated from sediment and soil samples collected from two Antarctic islands

“…It has long been recognized that specific antibiotic resistance mechanisms can be acquired through mutation of the bacterial genome or by gaining additional genes; different physiological states are also important for the survival of bacteria in the presence of antibiotics. Antibiotic resistance genes are often located on plasmids that are able to transfer horizontally among diverse bacterial populations, thus contributing to the widespread dissemination of antibiotic resistance in the environment (Davison 1999;Herreros et al 2005). Antibiotic resistance has also been reported among bacteria in cold environments such as Antarctic sandstone in McMurdo Valley (Siebert et al 1996), the Arctic permafrost subsoil in Siberia (Mindlin et al 2008), Antarctic King George Island (Wong et al 2011), and seawater and penguin faecal samples collected near Palmer Station, Antarctica (Miller et al 2009).…”

Three New Lactobacillus plantarum Strains in the Probiotic Toolbox against Gut Pathogen Salmonella enterica Serotype Typhimurium

“…Human gastrointestinal tract houses countless bacterial species (6) and benefi cial role of intestinal microbiota is still intensively investigated. Probiotic microorganisms react to intestinal pathogens by producing antibacterial compounds such as organic acids, hydrogen peroxide, diacetyl, bacteriocins and antimicrobial peptides, with a variable spectrum of action (7,8). They can induce changes in enzyme activity, compete for nutrients and adhesion sites and/or increase levels of antibody and macrophage activity (9).…”