Antimicrobial Activity of Antrodia camphorata Extracts against Oral Bacteria

Abstract

Antrodia camphorata (A. camphorata) is a unique, endemic and extremely rare mushroom species native to Taiwan, and both crude extracts of and purified chemical compounds from A. camphorata have been reported to have a variety of significant beneficial effects, such as anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activity. However, reports on the effects of A. camphorata against dental pathogens have been limited. Oral health is now recognized as important for overall general health, including conditions such as dental caries, periodontal disease and rheumatoid arthritis. Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) are the most common bacteria associated with dental plaque and periodontopathic diseases, respectively. Thus, our study examined the ability of five various crude extracts of A. camphorata to inhibit the growth of dental bacteria and anti-adherence in vitro. Among the extracts, the ethanol, ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts exhibited the lowest MICs against P. gingivalis and S. mutans (MIC = 4∼16 µg/mL). The MIC of the aqueous extract was greater than 2048 µg/mL against both P. gingivalis and S. mutans. In vitro adherence of S. mutans was significantly inhibited by the addition of either the ethyl acetate extract or chloroform extract (MIC = 16∼24 µg/mL), while the ethanol extract (MIC = 32∼64 µg/mL) exhibited moderate inhibitory activity. Based on the result of this study, the ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts of A. camphorata may be good candidates for oral hygiene agents to control dental caries and periodontopathic conditions.

Synergistic bacterio-myco soyabean co-fermentation methodology for harnessing the unexhausted

“…As observed from the results, Soy BA resulted in elevated levels of the decanoic fractions, the synergistic effect resulted in the release of these antimicrobial fractions, owing to the action of the b-glucosidase from Bacillus (Wei et al, 2008) and the invertase, amylase, and cellulases from Aspergillus. (Ghannoum, Thomson, Beadle, & Bowman, 1988;Lien et al, 2014;Morris, Kheltry, & Seitz, 1978;Peterson, 2013;Sirdaarta & Cock, 2008;Tomassi et al, 2008). Soy A ( Figure 8a) and Soy BA (Figure 8c) were observed to contain Galactofuran (34.030, 34.035) compounds, we also observe Xylitol and furan derivatives in the Soy AB extracts too.…”

“…Figure a–c gives the spectra obtained from Soy A (a), Soy AB (b), and Soy BA(c) water extracts in ethanol. As observed from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jfpp.13412/suppinfo, the compounds marked in bold are those known to possess antibacterial activity, mostly those of butane (20.966, 21.063, 26.740, 26.865) and furan (26.865, 34.030, 34.035, 36.823, 38.778) derivatives and xylitol (36.133) (Ghannoum, Thomson, Beadle, & Bowman, ; Lien et al, ; Morris, Kheltry, & Seitz, ; Peterson, ; Sirdaarta & Cock, ; Tomassi et al, ). Soy A (Figure a) and Soy BA (Figure c) were observed to contain Galactofuran (34.030, 34.035) compounds, we also observe Xylitol and furan derivatives in the Soy AB extracts too.…”

Antrodia cinnamomea Extraction Waste Supplementation Promotes Thermal Stress Tolerance and Tissue Regeneration Ability of Zebrafish

“…Previous studies have shown that AC extracts have antibacterial and antiviral properties [ 16 , 17 , 18 ]. Therefore, the effect of ACEW diet supplementation on the inhibition of microbial growth in water was examined.…”

Effects of <i>Piper betle</i> fractionated extracts on inhibition of <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> and <i>Streptococcus intermedius </i>

“…Many plant extracts including plant essential oils have been reported to have potential inhibitory effects against many strains of Gram-negative and Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria (5)(6)(7). The in vitro inhibition of some oral bacteria by the extracts of Antrodia camphorate (8) and Prunus mume (9) has been reported. However, there are still few reports of plant extracts on the inhibitory effects against oral pathogens.…”