Antimicrobial Activity of Blow Spun PLA/Gelatin Nanofibers Containing Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles against Wound Infection-Causing Bacteria

Abstract

One of the main challenges in wound healing is the wound infection due to various causes, of which moisture is the most important reason. Owing to this fact, wound dressings that can collect wound moisture in addition to showing antibacterial properties have provided an important basis for wound healing research. In this study, gelatin and poly lactic acid (PLA) polymers were used in a wound dressing textile to provide gelation and structure strength properties, respectively. Meanwhile, silver nanoparticles (SNPs) synthesized through the green method were integrated into these fibers to provide the formed textile with antibacterial properties. Nanoparticles were made using donkey dung extract, and nanofibers were produced by the solution blow spinning method which has high production efficiency and low energy consumption among spinning methods. The produced nanoparticles were characterized and evaluated by UV-Vis, DLS, XRD, and FTIR methods, and the production of silver nanoparticles that were coated with metabolites in the extract was proven. In addition, the morphology and diameter of the resulted fibers and presence of nanoparticles were confirmed by the SEM method. The size and size distribution of the synthesized fibers were determined through analyzing SEM results. Gelatin nanofibers demonstrated a mean size of 743 nm before and 773 nm after nanoparticle coating. PLA nanofibers demonstrated a mean size of 57 nm before and 182 nm after nanoparticle coating. Finally, 335 nm was the mean diameter size of gelatin/PLA/SNPs nanofibers. Also, the textiles synthesized by PLA and gelatin which contained silver nanoparticles showed higher antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative species compared to PLA and gelatin tissues without nanoparticles. Cytotoxicity test on L929 cells showed that silver nanoparticles incorporated textiles of PLA and gelatin show a very low level and non-significant toxicity compared to the free particles.

Facile One-Step Electrospinning Process to Prepare AgNPs-Loaded PLA and PLA/PEO Mats with Antibacterial Activity

“…Our results demonstrated that no antibacterial activity was detected for both pure PLA and pure PLA/PEO nanofibers used as control materials, since the CFU/mL overlapped those of bacteria in the absence of any type of nanofibers (growth controls). These results, in line with those of literature papers [ 37 , 38 ], revealed no intrinsic antimicrobial action of PLA-based electrospun nanofibers against different pathogens.…”

“…Altogether, the excellent results obtained by assaying the antibacterial effect of the AgNPs-loaded nanofibers, are well in agreement with those of the available scientific literature [ 23 , 24 , 37 , 39 , 40 , 41 ]. Mahapatra A. et al (2012) prepared polyacrylonitrile/Ag nanofibers, Shi Q. et al (2011) synthetized nylon 6/Ag nanofibers and both revealed an antibacterial action of the enriched samples [ 23 , 24 ].…”

Automatic in situ short-distance deposition of PLGA/PLLA composite nanofibrous membranes for personalized wound dressings

“…12 Alinezhad Sardareh et al developed polylactide (PLA)/gelatin nanofibers containing silver nanoparticles using SBS for wound healing. 7 This method demonstrated that SBS is a suitable and economical alternative for the large-scale production of nanofibers of an equal diameter. Tomecka et al presented poly( l -lactic acid) (PLLA) and polyurethane (PU) nanofibrous mats fabricated using SBS for cardiac cell cultures.…”

“…2,4,5 In contrast, SBS is a promising alternative for producing nanofibers from polymer solutions through volatilization in a high-pressure gas with a much faster spinning rate (several or even tens of times) than ES and does not require high-voltage operation scenarios, is capable of achieving multi-jet spinning and is therefore more equipped for safe and rapid fiber deposition. 4,6,7 In situ deposition on wounds introduces new perspectives and advantages over conventionally preformed nanofiber mats/meshes and scaffolds, which not only avoid direct contact with a wound but also easily fit irregular defect surfaces, thereby providing a rapid hemostasis/healing effect and avoiding the risk of secondary injury. [8][9][10] Tien et al fabricated highly deacetylated chitosan (CS) nanofiber scaffolds using SBS for their potential use as skin substitutes.…”

Optimizing Wound Care after Surgery of the Head and Neck: A Review of Dressing Materials

“…23 Adding silver or honey adds antimicrobial properties. [24][25][26] One of its main limitations is the need for a secondary dressing for optimal coverage and possibility of allergic reactions. 23 Common examples of alginates include Kaltostat (ConvaTec, Princeton, NJ), Sorbsan (Bertek Pharmaceuticals), Restore Calcicare (Hollister), Tegagen HG (high gelling) and Tegagen HI (high integrity) (3M Health Care), and Comfeel Plus (Alginate-hydrocolloid dressing) (Coloplast).…”