Antimicrobial activity of chicken and turkey heterophil peptides CHP1, CHP2, THP1, and THP3

Evans, Evan; Beach, Frances G.; Moore, Kristi M.; Jackwood, Mark W.; Glisson, John R.; Harmon, B. G.

doi:10.1016/0378-1135(95)00126-3

Cited by 97 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…There is experimental evidence that gallinacin peptides are diverse in their potency against different pathogens. For example, Gal-1 and Gal-1α are active against the yeast Candida albicans, whereas the others tested so far do not show activity (Evans et al 1995;Harmon 1998). Our results indicate that gallinacins have been subject to adaptive evolution to increase the structural and functional diversity of this protein family.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Gal-1, Gal-1α and Gal-2 were isolated from chicken heterophils, while Gal-3 was shown to be constitutively expressed in the epithelia of a range of tissues and to be inducible in the trachea following infection (Zhao et al 2001). Gallinacins exhibit variable activity against a number of Gram-positive and Gramnegative bacteria, and Gal-1 and Gal-1α are active against the yeast Candida albicans (Evans et al 1995;Harmon 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioinformatic discovery and initial characterisation of nine novel antimicrobial peptide genes in the chicken

et al. 2004

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Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are essential components of innate immunity in a range of species fromDrosophila to humans and are generally thought to act by disrupting the membrane integrity of microbes. In order to discover novel AMPs in the chicken, we have implemented a bioinformatic approach that involves the clustering of more than 420,000 chicken expressed sequence tags (ESTs). Similarity searching of proteinspredicted to be encoded by these EST clusters-for homology to known AMPs has resulted in the in silico identification of full-length sequences for seven novel gallinacins (Gal-4 to Gal-10), a novel cathelicidin and a novel liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP-2) in the chicken. Differential gene expression of these novel genes has been demonstrated across a panel of chicken tissues. An evolutionary analysis of the gallinacin family has detected sites-primarily in the mature AMP-that are under positive selection in these molecules. The functional implications of these results are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioinformatic discovery and initial characterisation of nine novel antimicrobial peptide genes in the chicken

et al. 2004

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“…Three intramolecular cystine disulphide bonds are present [91]. These peptides were !/90% effective at 2Á/16 mg/l concentrations against E. coli and L. monocytogenes [91,92]. In normal chickens, the expression of Gal-3 is especially prominent in the tongue, bursa of Fabricius and trachea [93] but also occurs in the skin, oesophagus, air sacs, large intestine and kidney.…”

Section: Cysteine-stabilized Peptides With a B-sheet Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial peptides in animals and their role in host defences

Brogden

Ackermann

McCray

et al. 2003

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents

418

287

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Domesticated animals have a large variety of antimicrobial peptides that serve as natural innate barriers limiting microbial infection or, in some instances, act as an integral component in response to inflammation or microbial infection. These peptides differ in size, composition, mechanisms of activity and range of antimicrobial specificities. They are expressed in many tissues, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, macrophages and mucosal epithelial cells. There is a small group of anionic antimicrobial peptides found in ruminants and a much larger group of cationic antimicrobial peptides found in all domesticated animals. The cationic peptides include linear, helical peptides, linear peptides rich in proline and cysteine-stabilized peptides with a b-sheet and are commonly referred to as cathelicidins and defensins. These peptides are generally broad-spectrum for Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria and fungi (e.g. myeloid antimicrobial peptides, a-, bdefensins, and protegrins) or are specific to one of these groups (e.g. porcine cecropin P1, Bac5, Bac7, PR-39 and prophenin). RightsWorks produced by employees of the U.S. Government as part of their official duties are not copyrighted within the U.S. The content of this document is not copyrighted. Abstract Domesticated animals have a large variety of antimicrobial peptides that serve as natural innate barriers limiting microbial infection or, in some instances, act as an integral component in response to inflammation or microbial infection. These peptides differ in size, composition, mechanisms of activity and range of antimicrobial specificities. They are expressed in many tissues, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, macrophages and mucosal epithelial cells. There is a small group of anionic antimicrobial peptides found in ruminants and a much larger group of cationic antimicrobial peptides found in all domesticated animals. The cationic peptides include linear, helical peptides, linear peptides rich in proline and cysteine-stabilized peptides with a b-sheet and are commonly referred to as cathelicidins and defensins. These peptides are generally broad-spectrum for Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria and fungi (e.g. myeloid antimicrobial peptides, a-, b-defensins, and protegrins) or are specific to one of these groups (e.g. porcine cecropin P1, Bac5, Bac7, PR-39 and prophenin). Published by Elsevier B.V.

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“…This assumption correlates with the study where the evaluation of heterophils for in vitro microbicidal activity against selected avian pathogens was done. The ability of these peptides at 16 mass unit (mu) g/ml concentration was proved in the reduction of Bordetella avium, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella enteritidis survival (Evans et al 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterophils and Macrophage-Like Cells in the Caeca Chicks’ Caeca after Experimental Infection with Salmonella enteritidis PT4

Ševčíková¹,

Asheg²,

Kolodzieyski³

et al. 2003

Acta Vet. Brno

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In order to study the interaction between heterophils and monocyte-macrophage system cells with salmonella, one-day-old White Plymouth Rock chicks were inoculated with 2 × 10 8 colony forming unit (CFU) of Salmonella enteritidis phage type 4. Samples from the caeca were taken for light and electron microscopy study.Groups of birds were euthanized by cervical dislocation at 6 hours (h) post inoculation and after 3, and 10 days (d) post inoculation. Histological examination at 3 d after infection showed heterophilic and mononuclear infiltration into the lamina propria mucosae and tela submucosa. The accumulation of macrophage-like cells accompanied this process at 10 d after infection. Electron microscopy revealed the presence of heterophils in the lamina propria at 3 d after infection and their migration between mucosal epithelial cells to intestinal lumen at 10 d after infection. Some of them were smaller with gap formation between intercellular space and heterophils. There was a decrease of the number of specific granules inside. Bacteria were not found within their cytoplasm. Oedema, condensation of chromatin, disruption of nuclear membrane and degradation of cytoplasmic organelles were seen in macrophage-like cells in the lamina propria. Formations of intracellular inclusions with cytoplasmic organelles and bacteria in various stages of degeneration were also observed in these cells. The cytoplasmic membrane was not disrupted.Our results showed that infection of one-day-old chickens with Salmonella enteritidis PT4 caused the interepithelial accumulation of heterophils. The observed morphological changes of heterophils indicated their degranulation. It seems to be caused by the release of antimicrobial peptides.Intracellular changes of monocyte-macrophage system cells without any injury of their cytoplasmic membrane show their survival of the Salmonella enteritidis PT4 infection. We suppose the rupture of their cell membrane in the later stage and the release of dead material with bacteria into the surrounding. In this way the monocyte-macrophage system cells serves in this condition as a vehicle and source of later infection.

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Antimicrobial activity of chicken and turkey heterophil peptides CHP1, CHP2, THP1, and THP3

Cited by 97 publications

References 28 publications

Bioinformatic discovery and initial characterisation of nine novel antimicrobial peptide genes in the chicken

Bioinformatic discovery and initial characterisation of nine novel antimicrobial peptide genes in the chicken

Antimicrobial peptides in animals and their role in host defences

Heterophils and Macrophage-Like Cells in the Caeca Chicks’ Caeca after Experimental Infection with Salmonella enteritidis PT4

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