Antimicrobial Activity of Chitosan against Campylobacter spp. and Other Microorganisms and Its Mechanism of Action

Ganan, M.; Carrascosa, Alfonso V.; Martínez-Rodríguez, Adolfo J.

doi:10.4315/0362-028x-72.8.1735

Cited by 59 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…For all these reasons, new potential antibacterial compounds for controlling Campylobacter are necessary. In a recent work, we demonstrate the sensitivity of Campylobacters to chitosans within a range of MW from 643 to 120 kDa (Ganan, Carrascosa, & Martínez-Rodríguez, 2009). However, the antimicrobial capacity of chitosan oligosaccharides on C. jejuni is unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Antibacterial activity of products of depolymerization of chitosans with lysozyme and chitosanase against Campylobacter jejuni

Mengíbar

Ganan

Miralles

et al. 2011

Carbohydrate Polymers

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Antibacterial activity of products of depolymerization of chitosans with lysozyme and chitosanase against Campylobacter jejuni

Mengíbar

Ganan

Miralles

et al. 2011

Carbohydrate Polymers

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“…Thus, it has been proposed that the positively charged amino groups of the glucosamine units interact with negatively charged components in microbial cell membranes, altering their barrier properties, and thereby preventing the entry of nutrients or causing the leakage of intracellular contents [95][96][97][98][99][100]. Another reported mechanism involves the penetration of low-molecular weight chitosan into the cell, binding to DNA and the subsequent inhibition of RNA and protein synthesis [101].…”

Section: Antimicrobial Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Chitosan a New Panacea? Areas of Application

Castro¹,

Paulín²

2012

The Complex World of Polysaccharides

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Chitin is a big molecule composed of -beta-1,4-N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) monomers. There are three forms of chitin: , , and chitin. The -form, is mainly obtained from crab and shrimp. Both and chitin/chitosan are commercially available [5]. Sources of chitinIn the book "Chitin" published by Muzarelli in 1977, we can find a complete list of organisms that contain chitin: Fungi, Algae, Cnidaria (jellyfish), Aschelminthes (round worm), Entoprocta, Bryozoa (Moss or lace animals, Phoronida (Horseshoe worms), Brachiopoda(Lamp shells), Echiruda, Annelida (Segmented worms), Mollusca, Arthropoda and Ponogophora [6]). Herring, P.J in 1979 wrote that chitin is the main component of arthropod exoskeletons, tendons, and the linings of their respiratory, excretory, and digestive systems, as well as insects external structure and some fungi. It is also found in the reflective material (iridophores) of both epidermis and eyes of arthropods and cephalopods (phylum: Mollusca) and the epidermal cuticle of the vertebrate Paralipophrys trigloides (fish) is also chitinous [7,8]. The main commercial sources of chitin are the shell wastes of shrimp, lobsters, crabs and krill. There are three forms of chitin: , , and chitin. The -form, is composed of alternating antiparallel polysaccharide strands and is mainly obtained from crab and shrimp. -Chitin is by far the most abundant; it occurs in fungal and yeast cell walls, krill, lobster and crab tendons and shells, shrimp shells, and insect cuticle. The rarer -chitin is composed of parallel strands of polysaccharides, is found in association with proteins in squid pens [9,10] and in the tubes synthesized by pogonophoran and vestimetiferan worms [11,12]. It also occurs in aphrodite chaetae [13] as well as in the lorica, built by some seaweeds or protozoa [14,15,16]. And 2 parallel chains alternating with an antiparallel strand constitute gamma chitin and are found in fungi [15].

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“…Chitosan is a molecule that has antimicrobial activity against many Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria (Rabea et al, 2003;Zheng and Zhu, 2003;Ganan et al, 2009;Friedman and Juneja, 2010;Batista et al, 2011;Islam et al, 2011). For example, Lee et al (2009) demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo (mice) that chitosan oligosaccharides have antibacterial effect on the Gram-negative bacterium Vibrio vulnificus, which causes sepsis and gastrointestinal illness in humans.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Chitosan onSalmonellaTyphimurium in Broiler Chickens

Menconi

Pumford²,

Morgan³

et al. 2014

Foodborne Pathogens and Disease

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Public concern with the incidence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, particularly among foodborne pathogens such as Salmonella, has been challenging the poultry industry to find alternative means of control. The purposes of the present study were to evaluate in vitro and in vivo effects of chitosan on Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (ST) infection in broiler chicks. For in vitro crop assay experiments, tubes containing feed, water, and ST were treated with either saline as a control or 0.2% chitosan. The entire assay was repeated in three trials. In two independent in vivo trials, 40 broiler chicks were assigned to an untreated control diet or dietary treatment with 0.2% chitosan for 7 days (20 broiler chicks/treatment). At day 4, chicks were challenged with 2 · 10 5 colonyforming units (CFU) ST/bird. In a third in vivo trial, 100 broiler chicks were assigned to untreated control diet or dietary treatment with 0.2% chitosan for 10 days (50 broiler chicks/treatment) to evaluate ST horizontal transmission. At day 3, 10 birds were challenged with 10 5 CFU ST/bird, and the remaining nonchallenged birds (n = 40) were kept in the same floor pen. In all three in vitro trials, 0.2% chitosan significantly reduced total CFU of ST at 0.5 and 6 h postinoculation compared with control ( p < 0.05). In two in vivo trials, at 7 days, dietary 0.2% chitosan significantly reduced total CFU of recovered ST in the ceca in both experiments. Dietary 0.2% chitosan significantly reduced total ST CFU recovered in the ceca of horizontally challenged birds in the third in vivo trial. Chitosan at 0.2% significantly reduced the CFU of recovered ST in vitro and in vivo, proving to be an alternative tool to reduce crop, ceca, and consequently carcass ST contamination as well as decreasing the amount of ST shed to the environment.

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Antimicrobial Activity of Chitosan against Campylobacter spp. and Other Microorganisms and Its Mechanism of Action

Cited by 59 publications

References 18 publications

Antibacterial activity of products of depolymerization of chitosans with lysozyme and chitosanase against Campylobacter jejuni

Antibacterial activity of products of depolymerization of chitosans with lysozyme and chitosanase against Campylobacter jejuni

Is Chitosan a New Panacea? Areas of Application

Effect of Chitosan onSalmonellaTyphimurium in Broiler Chickens

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