Antimicrobial activity of Gymnema sylvestre leaf extract

Satdive, Ramesh K.; Abhilash, P.C.; Fulzele, Devanand P.

doi:10.1016/s0367-326x(03)00154-0

Cited by 55 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…2 The use of plant parts and isolated phytochemicals for the prevention and treatment of various health ailments has been in practice for many decades. 3 In addition, it also possesses antimicrobial, 9 antitumor, 5 anti-obesity, 10 anti-inflammatory, 11 anti-hyperglycemic, 12 antiulcer, anti-stress, and antiallergic activity. 13 The presence of flavonoids, saponins, anthraquinones, quercitol, and other alkaloid have been reported in the flowers, leaves, and fruits of G. sylvestre.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential anticancer properties of bioactive compounds of Gymnema sylvestre and its biofunctionalized silver nanoparticles

Arunachalam¹,

Arun²,

Annamalai³

et al. 2014

IJN

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Background Gymnema sylvestre is an ethno-pharmacologically important medicinal plant used in many polyherbal formulations for its potential health benefits. Silver nanoparticles (SNPs) were biofunctionalized using aqueous leaf extracts of G. sylvestre . The anticancer properties of the bioactive compounds and the biofunctionalized SNPs were compared using the HT29 human adenoma colon cancer cell line. Methods The preliminary phytochemical screening for bioactive compounds from aqueous extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, triterpenes, flavonoids, steroids, and saponins. Biofunctionalized SNPs were synthesized using silver nitrate and characterized by ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction for size and shape. The characterized biofunctionalized G. sylvestre were tested for its in vitro anticancer activity against HT29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells. Results The biofunctionlized G. sylvestre SNPs showed the surface plasmon resonance band at 430 nm. The scanning electron microscopy images showed the presence of spherical nanoparticles of various sizes, which were further determined using the Scherrer equation. In vitro cytotoxic activity of the biofunctionalized green-synthesized SNPs (GSNPs) indicated that the sensitivity of HT29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells for cytotoxic drugs is higher than that of Vero cell line for the same cytotoxic agents and also higher than the bioactive compound of the aqueous extract. Conclusion Our results show that the anticancer properties of the bioactive compounds of G. sylvestre can be enhanced through biofunctionalizing the SNPs using the bioactive compounds present in the plant extract without compromising their medicinal properties.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential anticancer properties of bioactive compounds of Gymnema sylvestre and its biofunctionalized silver nanoparticles

Arunachalam¹,

Arun²,

Annamalai³

et al. 2014

IJN

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“…Six quinones were isolated from the chloroform extract of the roots of D. sylvatica showed high mortality on subterranean termite, Odontotermes obesus (Ganapaty et al 2004). The leaves methanol and dichloromethane extracts of Gymnema sylvestre were tested against P. falciparum and cytotoxic properties (Satdive et al 2003;Irungu et al 2007). The leaves of the shrub G. sylvestre contain a complex of pentacyclic triterpenes-gymnemines or gymnemic acids and reported as natural deterrents of insects and herbivorous animals (Harborn 1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insecticidal and larvicidal activities of medicinal plant extracts against mosquitoes

Kamaraj¹,

Rahuman²,

Mahapatra

et al. 2010

Parasitol Res

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In recent years, use of environment friendly and biodegradable natural insecticides of plant origin have received renewed attention as agents for vector control because they are rich in bioactive chemicals, active against a limited number of species including specific target insects, and biodegradable. The present study was carried out to evaluate the adulticidal, repellent, and larvicidal activity of crude hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts of eight plants, viz. Aristolochia indica L., Cassia angustifolia Vahl, Diospyros melanoxylon Roxb., Dolichos biflorus L., Gymnema sylvestre (Retz) Schult, Justicia procumbens L., Mimosa pudica L., and Zingiber zerumbet L., were tested against adult and early fourth instar larvae of Culex gelidus Theobald and Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae). The effective adult mortality was observed in methanol extract of A. indica, ethyl acetate extract of D. biflorus, and ethyl acetate and hexane extract of Z. zerumbet against C. gelidus and C. quinquefasciatus (LD(50) =37.75, 78.56, 129.44, 86.13, 80.06, 112.42, 53.83, and 46.61; LD(90) =166.83, 379.14, 521.50, 289.83, 328.18, 455.72, 181.15, and 354.50 ppm, respectively). Complete protections for 150 min were found in hexane and methanol extract of A. indica and Z. zerumbet at 1,000 ppm against mosquito bites. The highest larval mortality was found in the hexane extract of Z. zerumbet, ethyl acetate extract of D. biflorus, and methanol extracts of A. indica against C. gelidus (LC(50) =26.48, 33.02, and 12.47 ppm; LC(90) =127.73, 128.79, and 62.33 ppm) and against C. quinquefasciatus (LC(50) =69.18, 34.76, and 25.60 ppm; LC(90) =324.40, 172.78, and 105.52 ppm), respectively, after 24 h. The plant extracts are potential to be used as an ideal eco-friendly approach for the control of the Japanese encephalitis vector, C. gelidus, and lymphatic filariasis vector, C. quinquefasciatus.

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“…The ethanolic extract of the leaves demonstrated antimicrobial activity against Bacillus pumilis, B. subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and Staphylococcus aureus and inactivity against Proteus vulgaris and Escherichia coli . [6] Antiallergic, antiviral, lipidȔlowering, and other effects of the plant parts are also reported by Porchezhian and Dobrial. [7] The major phytoconstituents are gymnemic acids (GA), Gudmarin, a polypeptide of 35 amino acids, and saponins.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Variation in gymnemic acid content and non-destructive harvesting of Gymnema sylvestre (Gudmar)

Pandey

Yadav

2010

Phcog Res

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Background:Madhunashini (Gymnema sylvestre R. Br.) commonly known as ‘Gudmar’ in Hindi is an important medicinal climber and extensively used in almost all Indian System of Medicine as a remedy for diabetes, rheumatism, cough, ulcer, jaundice, dyspepsia, constipation, eyes pain and also in snakebite. In India, it is found growing in Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharastra, Orissa, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal. The major phytoconstituents are gymnemic acids, gudmarin and saponins.Methods:In the present study, Gymnema germplasm collected from various regions of Madhya Pradesh was evaluated on the basis of their morphological characteristics and gymnemic acid content. Gymnemic acid content in the leaves was estimated by HPLC. We have also standardized the non-destructive harvesting practices of Gudmar. Selective harvesting was done without harming the main plant. Only mature leaves (60%) were hand plucked in the month of October. Second harvest was done in the month of June.Results:Data revealed that gymnemic acid content varied between 0.96% ± 0.03 (Seoni) to 1.58% ±0.03 (Amarkantak). It was also observed that the leaves left at the time of 1st harvest during October matured in June at the time of 2nd harvest.Conclusion:Non destructive harvesting practice did not have any negative impact on overall development of the plant. It is evident that there is wide variation in the morphological characteristics and gymnemic acid content in G. sylvestre collected from various locations, which can be exploited for further crop improvement programmes.

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Antimicrobial activity of Gymnema sylvestre leaf extract

Cited by 55 publications

References 8 publications

Potential anticancer properties of bioactive compounds of Gymnema sylvestre and its biofunctionalized silver nanoparticles

Potential anticancer properties of bioactive compounds of Gymnema sylvestre and its biofunctionalized silver nanoparticles

Insecticidal and larvicidal activities of medicinal plant extracts against mosquitoes

Variation in gymnemic acid content and non-destructive harvesting of Gymnema sylvestre (Gudmar)

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