Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oil Obtained from the Seed and Oleo-Gum-Resin of Ferula assa-foetida Against Oral Pathogens

Abstract

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the essential oil obtained from oleo-gum-resin and seeds of Ferula assa-foetida.
 Materials and Methods: Ferula assa-foetida plants were collected from Tabas, Yazd Province, Iran, during summer 2017. Then, essential oils were obtained from its seeds and oleo-gum-resin using hydrodistillation. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) test was performed to determine the contents of the essential oils. Four different concentrations of each oil were prepared (2.5, 5, 10, and 20 μg/ml), and the antimicrobial activity of each dose against four oral bacteria (Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Streptococcus sanguis, Streptococcus salivarius, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus) was evaluated using the disk diffusion method. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Kruskal-Wallis test in SPSS 17 software.
 Results: The GC-MS findings exhibited that the main compounds found in essential oils yielded from the seeds and oleo gum resin were (Z) -1-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide and (E) -1-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide. Ferula assa-foetida plant showed a significant antimicrobial effect (P<0.05). The essential oil from Ferula assa-foetida oleo-gum-resin had significantly stronger antibacterial properties compared to the essential oil from Ferula assa-foetida seeds (P<0.001). Both essential oils showed antibacterial properties similar to that of Chlorhexidine. The growth inhibition zone was significantly dependent on the essential oil concentration for all bacteria (P<0.05).
 Conclusion: Our study revealed that essential oils from seeds and oleo-gum-resin of Ferula assa-foetida have antimicrobial properties. More laboratory studies are required to reach a definitive conclusion.

Identification, Characterization, and Evaluation of Nematophagous Fungal Species of Arthrobotrys and Tolypocladium for the Management of Meloidogyne incognita

“…Identification of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of A. thaumasia and T. cylindrosporum using GC-MS analysis. Ferula assa-foetida oil, having antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans, S. sanguis, S. salivarius, S. sobrinus, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus(Daneshkazemi et al, 2019) Salmali Niryasa having antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, and Candida albicans(Divya and Prabhu, 2015) It was found in Myrcia ovata oils having antifungal activity against Colletotrichum acutatum, Plenodomus destruens, and Thielaviopsis paradoxa(White et al, 2019) Salmali niryasa having antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, and Candida albicans(Divya and Prabhu, 2015) …”

Metabolic Profile, Bioactivities, and Variations in the Chemical Constituents of Essential Oils of the Ferula Genus (Apiaceae)

“…In accordance with the result, a conclusion was made that the essential oil of the Pathani F. assa-foetida variety exhibited a good antibacterial activity (Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis); whereas, the essential oil of Irani the F. assa-foetida variety exhibited good fungicidal activity (Penicillium chrysogenum and Aspergillus ochraceus). Furthermore, a study revealed the antimicrobial properties of the essential oil of the resin and seed of F. assa-foetida against various oral bacteria such as Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus sanguis, Streptococcus sobrinus, and Streptococcus mutans (Daneshkazemi et al, 2019). The resulting analysis displayed that the oleogum-resin essential oil had significant and effective antibacterial activities as compared to the seed essential oil (p < 0.001).…”

“…The resulting analysis displayed that the oleogum-resin essential oil had significant and effective antibacterial activities as compared to the seed essential oil (p < 0.001). Jahani et al, (2015) reported the antibacterial activity of gelatin nano-capsules formulated from the essential oil of F. assa-foetida. Mallahi et al, (2018) studied the potential of Ferula essential oil to increase the shelf-life of Gerbera jamesonii (Gerbera Daisy) flower by inhibiting the pathogenic bacteria.…”

Asafoetida (Ferula asafoetida): A high-value crop suitable for the cold desert of Himachal Pradesh, India

“…The volatile oils of the Pathani variety were effective antibacterial, whereas Irani varieties act as antifungal agents (Divya et al, 2014). The essential oils obtained from seed and oleo gum resin of F. asafoetida showed antimicrobial effects against oral pathogens (Alireza et al, 2019). It also induced hyperglycemia (Al-Awadi, 1985) and was highly effective in the treatment of Alzheimer disease (Shereen et al, 2013).…”