Antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Tetradenia riparia (Hochst.) Codd. (Lamiaceae) against cariogenic bacteria

Abstract

In Brazilian folk medicine, Tetradenia riparia (Hochst.) Codd. (Lamiaceae) is used to treat toothaches and dental abscesses and diseases induced by worms, bacteria, or fungi. This paper aims to investigate the chemical composition and the antibacterial effects of the essential oil obtained from Tetradenia riparia leaves (TR-EO) grown in Southeastern Brazil against a representative panel of oral pathogens. We evaluated the antibacterial activity of TR-EO in terms of the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). We identified aromadendrene oxide (14.0%), (E,E)-farnesol (13.6%), dronabinol (12.5%), and fenchone (6.2%) as the major constituents of TR-EO. TR-EO displayed MIC values between 31.2 and 500 μg/mL, with the lowest MIC value being obtained against Streptococcus mitis (31.2 μg/mL), S. mutans (62.5 μg/mL), S. sobrinus (31.2 μg/mL), and Lactobacillus casei (62.5 μg/mL). In time-kill experiments, TR-EO demonstrated bactericidal activity against S. mutans within the first 12 h, resulting in a curve profile similar to that of chlorhexidine. These results revealed that the essential oil of Tetradenia riparia displays promising activity against most of the selected cariogenic bacteria, including Streptococcus mutans.

Screening of Selected Plant-Derived Extracts for Their Antimicrobial Activity against Oral Pathogens

“…Aguiar and co-workers reported germacrene D as being the major constituent in the essential oil from the leaves of Bidens sulphurea, which displayed moderate activity against Streptococcus mutans (MIC = 250μg/mL) and significant activity against Streptococcus mitis (MIC = 31.2μg/ mL) [11]. On the other hand, although the antimicrobial activity of spathulenol against Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis was previously reported [25], it has been identified only as minor constituent in some essential oils with antimicrobial activity against cariogenic bacteria [12].…”

“…These species were selected on the basis of reports on their uses as antimicrobial in the folk medicine or previous studies on their antibacterial or antifungal activities [1,11,12,21,22].…”

“…As part of our ongoing research on the antibacterial activities of natural products as potential leads for use in dental products [1,11,12], this paper reports on the evaluation of the antibacterial activity of twenty-four plant-derived extracts against a panel of oral pathogenic bacteria.…”

Chemical Composition, Antibacterial, Schistosomicidal, and Cytotoxic Activities of the Essential Oil of Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants (Chenopodiaceae)

“…Brushing and flossing is the most effective way to remove the biofilm and to prevent caries and periodontal diseases. Unfortunately, most people fail to control the formation of biofilm through mechanical removal only . The use of oral products containing antibacterial ingredients is a complementary measure to dental treatment and helps to diminish the formation of biofilm on the surface of the teeth .…”

“…Unfortunately, most people fail to control the formation of biofilm through mechanical removal only. [2] The use of oral products containing antibacterial ingredients is a complementary measure to dental treatment and helps to diminish the formation of biofilm on the surface of the teeth. [3] Chlorhexidine is the current anticariogenic standard, but the regular use of oral care products containing this chemical often has several side effects.…”