Antimicrobial agents for preventing peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients

Strippoli, Giovanni F.M.; Tong, Allison; Johnson, David W.; Schena, Francesco Paolo; Craig, Jonathan C.

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd004679.pub2

Cited by 68 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…A Cochrane review reported the lack of efficacy of oral antibiotic prophylaxis in preventing peritonitis (15). In our analysis, the prophylactic administration of systemic antibiotics, which was frequently performed for reasons other than peritonitis prevention, was even associated with a significantly increased risk for RP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Relapsing Peritonitis in Children Who Undergo Chronic Peritoneal Dialysis

Lane

Warady

Feneberg

et al. 2010

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

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Background and objectives: The International Pediatric Peritonitis Registry (IPPR) was established to collect prospective data regarding peritoneal dialysis (PD)-associated peritonitis in children. In this report, we present the IPPR results that pertain to relapsing peritonitis (RP).Design, setting, participants, & measurements: This was an online, prospective entry into the IPPR of data that pertain to peritonitis cases by participating centers.Results: Of 490 episodes of nonfungal peritonitis, 52 (11%) were followed by a relapse. There was no significant difference between RP and non-RP in distribution of causative organisms and antibiotic sensitivities. Initial empiric therapy-ceftazidime with either first-generation cephalosporin or glycopeptide (vancomycin or teicoplanin)-was not associated with relapse. Switching to monotherapy with a first-generation cephalosporin on the basis of culture results was associated with higher relapse rate (23%) than other final antibiotic therapies (0 to 9%). Culture-negative RP was less likely to have a satisfactory early treatment response than non-RP (82 versus 98%). Young age, single-cuff catheter, downward-pointing exit site, and chronic systemic antibiotic prophylaxis were additional independent risk factors for RP in the multivariate analysis. Compared with non-RP, RP was associated with a lower rate of full functional recovery (73 versus 91%), higher ultrafiltration problems (14 versus 2%), and higher rate of permanent PD discontinuation (17 versus 7%).Conclusions: This is the largest multicenter, prospective study to date to examine RP in children. In addition, this is the first report in the literature to examine specifically the relationship of postempiric antibiotic treatment regimens to the subsequent risk for relapse.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Relapsing Peritonitis in Children Who Undergo Chronic Peritoneal Dialysis

Lane

Warady

Feneberg

et al. 2010

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

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“…They showed a significant reduction in the number of cases of peritonitis; however it should be noted that in the control arm the incidence of peritonitis was unacceptably high (34). Other agents which have been used showed that there was a significant reduction in the incidence of peritonitis with the use of prophylactic antibiotics (37).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peritoneal Dialysis for Acute Kidney Injury

et al. 2014

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“…Other proposed mechanisms for diabetes-related risk include reduced manual dexterity or visual impairment due to microvascular complications of diabetes [23,24]. Several studies have demonstrated diabetes to be a risk factor for EOP [6,7], including one of the largest multi-centre studies to date (RR 1.18, 95% CI 1.00-1.40, p=0.05 [14]).…”

Section: Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The role of prophylactic systemic antimicrobials given at the time of peritoneal dialysis catheter insertion in preventing EOP is less clear. The ISPD guidelines refer to two small trials and a systematic review which demonstrate a reduction in early peritonitis with systemic antimicrobials at the time of peritoneal dialysis catheter insertion [22][23][24], however these trials define early peritonitis as within (at the most) 28 days of catheter insertion. Patients may not actually have commenced on PD treatment within this time period, which differs from published EOP studies to date in which the majority have specifically excluded patients within 3 months of catheter insertion [5,7,9] or only considered peritonitis episodes after PD commencement [6,11,13].…”

Section: Preventative Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Onset Peritoneal Dialysis-Related Peritonitis

Ng¹,

Johnson²,

Cho³

2017

J Clin Exp Nephrol

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Peritonitis is a serious and common complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD), representing the commonest cause of technique failure and a not infrequent cause of patient death. Early onset peritonitis, variously defined in the literature as peritonitis occurring within the first 3-20 months of PD, is increasingly being recognised as a discrete and important clinical problem with appreciably heightened risks of technique failure and death. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive up to date summary of current evidence surrounding early onset peritonitis and to discuss how to better manage the condition, including suggestions for future research directions.

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Antimicrobial agents for preventing peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients

Cited by 68 publications

References 44 publications

Relapsing Peritonitis in Children Who Undergo Chronic Peritoneal Dialysis

Relapsing Peritonitis in Children Who Undergo Chronic Peritoneal Dialysis

Peritoneal Dialysis for Acute Kidney Injury

Early Onset Peritoneal Dialysis-Related Peritonitis

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