Antimicrobial Agents From Higher Plants. Antimicrobial Isoflavanoids and Related Substances From Glycyrrhiza glabra L. var. typica

Mitscher, Lester A.; Park, Young Han; Clark, Donna; Beal, Jack L.

doi:10.1021/np50008a004

Cited by 136 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…However, other parts of the plants such as latex, rhizome and resin etc., are also used in some of herbal preparation. The use of specific plant parts for specific disease treatment suggests that these parts have strongest certain active phyto-constituents against digestive complaints with no or less side effects (Mitscher et al, 1980). Moreover, the maximum use of leaves for remedy preparation might be due to the reason that it is main site of most of the physiological process that result in production of variety of active compounds as well as the collection of leaves poses no significant threat to the survival of individual plants (Poffenberger et al, 1992).…”

Section: General Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnomedicinal plants used against common digestive problems

Adnan¹,

Bibi²,

Azizullah³

et al. 2015

Afr. J. Trad. Compl. Alt. Med.

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Background: Ethnomedicinal knowledge is highly significant for persistence of human health care. Different studies have shown that medicinal plants are considered as curing agent for digestive disorders in Pakistan. The aim of present review is to explore this ethnomedicinal information all over the Pakistan and to investigate the ecological status of these species in the country. Methodology: Online literatures on ethnomedicinal plants used to treat digestive complaints in Pakistan were searched and gathered using online bibliographic databases including PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science and Flora of Pakistan. Results: The review documented 178 medicinal plant species, belonging to 59 families, used for different digestive ailments. The majority of species were herbs (60%), used in drug preparation. The most frequent part used in preparation of these remedies is leaves (23%), followed by roots (19%). Conclusion:In conclusion, the study provides enormous ethno-medicinal knowledge and due to the unsustainable activities of the people of Pakistan, some medicinal plants need to be conserved for the future. Key words: Ethno-medicine, medicinal plants, gastrointestinal diseases, ecological status. IntroductionPlants are a vital source of traditional medicines that are used for the treatment of various ailments. Approximately 4, 22,000 flowering plants reported from the world, more than 50,000 have been used worldwide for medicinal purposes (Walter & Hamilton, 1993). Man has cultivated the habit of observing plants for thousands of years and had used them for different purposes (Bako et al., 2005). The local uses of medicinal plants are common particularly in those areas of developing countries, which have little or no access to modern health services (Sandhya et al., 2006). Mostly local people keeping the centuries-old trend alive, rely hugely on the wild plants for their daily needs such as food, fodder and medicines. Treatment through traditional medicine system is progressing all over the world particularly in the Indo-Pak sub-contentment where this system is known by Unani or Ayurvedic (Haq, 1993).Pakistan has a unique biodiversity that is stretched along nine major ecological zones. A major part of the country is quite rich in medicinal herbs due to its salubrious climate . Numerous medicinal plants are being used by local communities of different geographical regions of the country, having old traditional knowledge on such plants. Medicinal plants have been used as a source of curing various digestive disorders in the country. Digestive disorders generally occur due to the nature of food that we consume and it's incompatibility with our constitution or due to some viruses and bacteria like rotavirus, Helicobacter pylori, Salmonella, Shigella and Escherichia coli etc. Some of the most common digestive problems that people of Pakistan faces in their day to day life are stomach-aches, cramps, vomiting, dyspepsia, diarrhea and indigestion to the complicated conditions such as cancer and gastric...

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Section: General Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnomedicinal plants used against common digestive problems

Adnan¹,

Bibi²,

Azizullah³

et al. 2015

Afr. J. Trad. Compl. Alt. Med.

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“…In addition, 29 known phenolic compounds were obtained and identified by comparison of physical and spectral data with those reported in the literature. The following known phenolic compounds were identified in the CHCl 3 -MeOH (19:1) fraction: echinatin (11, 5.4 mg) [5], lichocalcone B (12, 17.3 mg) [6], morachalcone A (13, 14.1 mg) [7], 2′,3,4′-trihydroxy-3′-γ,γ-dimethylallyl-6′′,6′′-dimethylpyrano[2′′,3′′:4,5]chalcone (14, 17.4 mg) [8], 1-(2′,4′-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-hydroxy-3-(4′′-hydroxyphenyl)-1-propanone (15, 5.8 mg) [9], kanzonol Y (16, 2.5 mg) [10], (3R)-vestitol (17, 10.5 mg) [11], (3R)-2′,3′,7-trihydroxy-4′-methoxyisoflavan (18, 8.1 mg) [12], kanzonol X (19, 37.1 mg) [10], glabridin (20,193 hispaglabridin A (23, 13.7 mg) [14], hispaglabridin B (24, 10.7 mg) [14], glabrene (25, 28.8 mg) [16], kanzonol W (26, 3.0 mg) [10], glabrocoumarin (27,16.4 mg) [17], shinpterocarpin (28,41.0 mg) [18], O-methylshinpterocarpin (29, 32.4 mg) [18], licoagrocarpin (30, 6.1 mg) [19], licoflavanone A (31, 4.8 mg) [20], glabrol (32, 13.5 mg) [13], shinflavanone (33, 7.8 mg) [18], euchrenone a5 (34, 1.5 mg) [21], xambioona (35,8.0 mg) [22], gancaonin L (36, 8.8 mg) [23], glabrone (37, 15.5 mg) [24], kanzonol U (38, 21.6 mg) [11], and 8,8-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2H,8H-pyrano[2,3-f]-chromon-3-ol (39, 17.4 mg) [25] (Figure 4). The structures of isolated compounds were classified into 12 groups: chalcones (1-4, 11-16), isoflavans (5, 6, 17-24), an isoflavone (25), 3-arylcoumarins (26, 27), pterocarpans (28-30), a flavone (31), a flava...…”

Section: Isolation and Structural Determination Of Phenolic Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenolics from Glycyrrhiza glabra and G. uralensis Roots and Their PPAR-γ Ligand-Binding Activity: Possible Application for Amelioration of Type 2 Diabetes

Kuroda¹,

Mimaki²

2017

Biological Activities and Action Mechanisms of Licorice Ingredients

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The EtOH extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra roots and the EtOAc extract of Glycyrrhiza uralensis roots exhibited considerable PPAR-γ ligand-binding activity. Bioassay-guided fractionation of these extracts resulted in the isolation of 52 phenolics, including 11 novel ones. The PPAR-γ ligand-binding activity of more than 10 isolated phenolics at 10 μg/mL was approximately three times greater than that of 0.5 μM triglitazone. Glycyrin (44), isolated from the EtOAc extract of G. uralensis roots as a PPAR-γ ligand, reduced the blood glucose levels of genetically diabetic KK-A y mice through its PPAR-γ ligand-binding activity.

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“…The main constituent, glycyrrhizin, and the associated aglycone, glycyrrhetinic acid, are also used in modern medicine, whereas the phenolic constituents have been implicated in promoting improved health, particularly with regard to stomach ulcers [2]. Therefore, several research groups have investigated the phenolic constituents of licorice [3] and found that it has beneicial efects for health, including antimicrobial properties [4,5]. In this chapter, we summarize our studies on phenolic constituents and some of their pharmacological efects, including those linked to drug-resistant bacteria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Licorice as a Resource for Pharmacologically Active Phenolic Substances: Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Effects

Hatano¹,

Eerdunbayaer²,

Cui³

et al. 2017

Biological Activities and Action Mechanisms of Licorice Ingredients

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The indings from our studies on licorice phenolics are summarized here. The following types of lavonoids, i.e., lavones, lavonols, lavanones, chalcones, isolavones, isolavanones, isolavans, 3-arylcoumarins, coumestans, pterocarpans, 2-benzyldihydrobenzofuran-3-ones, benzyl phenyl ketones, 2-arylbenzofurans, and others, were identiied by the structural studies. Among them, licochalcone A (chalcone), isolicolavonol (lavonol), glycycoumarin (3-arylcoumarin), and glycyrrhisolavone (isolavone) displayed antihuman immunodeiciency virus efects, and also 8-(γ,γ-dimethylallyl)-wighteone (isolavone) and 3′-(γ,γ-dimethylallyl)-kievitone (isolavanone) showed potent antibacterial efects on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains. Licoricidin (isolavan) suppressed the oxacillin resistance of the MRSA strains noticeably. Efects of phenolics with related structures isolated from Psoralea corylifolia were also examined, and bakuchiol (meroterpene), isobavachalcone, and corylifol B (chalcones) also showed potent efects on MRSA strains. Some licorice phenolics such as licoricidin (isolavan), 8-(γ,γ-dimethylallyl)-wighteone (isolavone), and gancaonin I (2-arylbenzofuran) also showed potent antibacterial efects on vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) strains. The potency of the efects largely depended on their structures including the lipophilic prenyl or related substituents and also phenolic hydroxyl groups. Inhibitory efects of licorice phenolics on oxidative enzymes, in addition to their radical-scavenging efects, are also shown. The methods used in the structural studies and high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of licorice extracts are described shortly, too.

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Antimicrobial Agents From Higher Plants. Antimicrobial Isoflavanoids and Related Substances From Glycyrrhiza glabra L. var. typica

Cited by 136 publications

References 25 publications

Ethnomedicinal plants used against common digestive problems

Ethnomedicinal plants used against common digestive problems

Phenolics from Glycyrrhiza glabra and G. uralensis Roots and Their PPAR-γ Ligand-Binding Activity: Possible Application for Amelioration of Type 2 Diabetes

Licorice as a Resource for Pharmacologically Active Phenolic Substances: Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Effects

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