Antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities of three halophyte plants from Algeria and detection of some biomolecules by HPLC-DAD

Abstract

Antimicrobial activity of hydroalcoholic extracts (30/70) from leaves and stems of three halophytes (Tamarix africana, Arthrocnemum macrostachyum and Suaeda fruticose) was evaluated in vitro using agar disc diffusion method and Minimal Inhibition Concentration was evaluated by broth microdilution method. In vivo toxicological study and anti-inflammatory activity of leaf extract of T. africana were tested on carrageenan-induced inflammatory paw edema and its chemical composition was assessed by HPLC-DAD. T. africana possessed significant anti-inflammatory activity at 150 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg confirmed by histological study of inflamed tissues. Six phenolic acids and 10 flavonoids where identified. Gallic acid 0.118 mg ME/g DM, Rutin 0.344 mg ME/g DM and Kaempferol-3-O-glucoside 0.262 mg ME/g DM were the major phytochemical compounds. For the antibiotic assays, S. fruticosa leaf extract exhibited strong bactericidal power against S. aureus with MBC of 1.25 mg/mL whereas T. africana leaf and stem samples exhibited a significant bactericidal activity against S. aureus and B. subtilis compared to the negative control (Ampicillin and Chloramphenicol). Crude leaf and stem extracts from T. africana and stem extract from S. fruticosa exhibited a strong antifungal effect against Candida albicans.

Biochemical Profile and In Vitro Therapeutic Properties of Two Euhalophytes, Halocnemum strobilaceum Pall. and Suaeda fruticosa (L.) Forske., Grown in the Sabkha Ecosystem in the Algerian Sahara

“…This observation is expected because S. fruticosa is known to have antimicrobial properties and is used in traditional medicine for wound healing, ophthalmology, urogenital disorders, skin diseases (scabies, herpes, dermatitis), respiratory, dental, and digestive disorders, whereas most of these diseases appear due to pathogenic microbes [48,49]. Chekroun-Bechlaghem et al [50] confirmed that the methanol/water extracts of S. fruticosa leaves had potent antibacterial activity against S. aureus (MIC = 1.25 mg/mL). The antibacterial activity of H. strobilaceum and S. fruticosa can be attributed to their abundant content of tannins (hydrolysable and condensed tannins represented about 30 to 40% of the total phenolic compounds in the extracts).…”