Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of green synthesized silver nanoparticles by using aqueous leaf extract of Thymus serpyllum

Abstract

Recently, metal nanoparticles have attracted the attention of researchers due to their unique properties when compared with bulk materials and have become used in many fields of application. In this study, green synthesis of Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) was investigated by using the aqueous extract of T. serpyllum leaves. In addition, antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of the synthesized AgNPs were evaluated in this study. Further, ultravioletvisible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), fouirer transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used for characterization of the green synthesized AgNPs. The UV-Vis spectrum of the synthesized AgNPs had a maximum peak at 467 nm. Also, TEM analysis indicated spherical particles with an average size of 25.2 nm. The synthesized AgNPs have higher stability (zeta potential:-29.5 mV). The antimicrobial activity of the green synthesized AgNPs was investigated on both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, such as Bacillus cereus (B. cereus), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) using agar well diffusion assay. According to the results of the study, Gram-positive bacteria showed larger inhibition zones compared to Gram-negative bacteria. Finally, the AgNPs were explored for the inhibition of S. aureus biofilms. AgNPs at 100 μg/mL concentration showed a high inhibition value of about 73% for S. aureus biofilm formation. So, it is concluded that the synthesized AgNPs might be potentially used in many applications due to their antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties.

Rapid green synthesis of non-cytotoxic silver nanoparticles using aqueous extracts of 'Golden Delicious' apple pulp and cumin seeds with antibacterial and antioxidant activity

“…It also induced the formation of bactericidal reactive oxygen species (ROS) which permanently deactivated bacterial respiratory chain lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) [48]. At the same time, the inhibition effect of nanoparticles on S. aureus was more than E. coli in general, and these results were in line with the studies in the literature [49,50]. This study suggested that nano-silver can be a competent antibacterial agent against various pathogenic microbes.…”

Phyto-fabricated Nanoparticles and Their Anti-biofilm Activity: Progress and Current Status

“…Interestingly, Eric and Torlak synthesized Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) by using the aqueous leaf extract of Thymus serpyllum. The antibiofilm data revealed that AgNPs (100 μg/ml) inhibited the biofilm formation by 73% in S. aureus (Erci and Torlak, 2019).…”

Synergistic Effect of Essential Oils and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Gelatin for Antibacterial, Soil Respiration and Soil Enzyme Activities

“…Our findings suggest that Gel-AgNPs can serve as a potential antibacterial agent against Grampositive and Gram-negative bacteria. Silver nanoparticles cause structural and morphological variations in bacterial cells, leading to cell death (Erci and Torlak, 2019). Recent research has shown that using essential oils and silver nanoparticles together produces a synergistic effect in antimicrobial activity.…”

“…Green synthesis has attracted considerable interest in materials science as a reliable, sustainable, and environmentally friendly protocol for the synthesis of a variety of nanomaterials, such as metal/metal oxide nanomaterials (Erci and Cakir-Koc, 2021;Erci et al, 2020Erci et al, , 2018Erci and Torlak, 2019). Therefore, green synthesis is recognized as an important tool that is extensively used in laboratories and industry to lessen the harmful effects associated with traditional nanoparticle synthesis methods (Singh et al, 2018).…”