Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity of Essential Oil of Cymbopogon citratus against Oral Microflora Associated with Dental Plaque

Abstract

Aims: Dental biofilms are complex, multi-species microorganism communities that inhabit the oral cavity in the form of dental plaque which causes dental caries and periodontal diseases. The present study aims to explore the potential of Lemon Grass Essential Oil (LGEO) extracted from Cymbopogon citratus as antimicrobial and antibiofilm agent against the microorganisms responsible for dental plaque.
 Study Design: Observational and comparison study.
 Place and Duration of Study: Research centre, Department of Microbiology, Abasaheb Garware college, Pune, India, between Dec 2012 to Jan 2017.
 Methodology: Three bacterial species primarily responsible for the biofilm formation were isolated from dental plaque and identified using 16S ribosomal RNA sequences. Five most primary colonizer of dental plaque organisms were acquired from the Microbial Type Culture Collection cultures. Antimicrobial as well as antibiofilm activity of LGEO, was determined against these eight biofilm forming microorganism. The antibiofilm activity of LGEO was evaluated against oral flora individually, as well as in consortium.
 Results: LGEO displayed excellent antimicrobial activity against eight test organisms associated with dental plaque, representing four genera namely Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Lactobacillus and Candida. MIC of LGEO for all test organisms was determined as 1.5% (v/v). The LGEO was found to exhibit as high as 76% biofilm inhibitory activity even in the consortium, where the biofilm formation sometimes has been noted to be comparatively more than that of the individual organism, making LGEO a very promising antibiofilm agent.
 Conclusion: LGEO present in rampantly grown plant, Cymbopogon citratus, has remarkable antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity against the dental plaque organism and thus can be the economical, convenient, natural and nontoxic herbal material to effectively control the oral microflora associated with dental plaque.

Histological Examination of Lemongrass Resorbable Dressing on Gingival Healing after Gingivectomy in Rats

“…39 Furthermore, it was shown that lemongrass essential oil has remarkable antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities against the dental plaque bacteria. 40 The oral cavity harbors over 700 different species of bacteria and is described as one of the most intricate ecosystem. Though the majority of them are considered as commensally, some of them are responsible for oral infections ranging from tooth decay to periodontal diseases and gingiva related infections.…”

Peningkatan Pengetahuan Masyarakat Melalui Pelatihan Pembuatan Minyak Atsiri di Kelurahan Plaju Darat Kota Palembang

“…Minyak atsiri sereh dapur mengandung beberapa senyawa kimia, yaitu sitral, mycrene, genariol, citronellol dan α-oxobisabolene (Oladeji et al 2019). Kandungan minyak atsiri sereh dapur (Cymbopogon citratus) memiliki kemampuan untuk menekan pertumbuhan jamur (Ella et al 2013) dan bakteri (Ambade & Bhadbhade 2015), anti serangga, dan anti kanker (Fitri et al 2019). Beberapa teknologi pengambilan minyak atsiri dari sereh dapur adalah menggunakan penyulingan uap-air (Zaituni et al 2016), distilasi uap, dan air dengan pemanas microwave (Feriyanto et al 2013), dan ekstraksi dengan menggunakan pelarut (metanol, aseton, dan nheksana) (Ariyani et al 2008).…”

Antifungal analysis of incorporation of the essential oil of Cymbopogon citratus (D.C.) Stapf into polymethyl methacrylate

“…Lemongrass, Cymbopogon citratus (D.C.) Stapf, belonging to the Poaceae family, is an aromatic plant cultivated for the commercial production of essential oil, of which the majority of constituents are generally the citral monoterpenes (isomeric mixture of neral and geranial types) and the myrceno [11]. In Dentistry, the essential oil of Cymbopogon citratus has been shown to have antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus mutans [12] and antifungal properties against several Candida species [12][13][14][15][16]. The antimicrobial properties of the essential oil of Cymbopogon citratus can be attributed to two main components: alpha-citral (geranial) and beta-citral (neral), aromatic compounds responsible for the citric characteristic of the oil [17].…”