Antimicrobial and Antibiotic Resistance from the Perspective of Polish Veterinary Students: An Inter-University Study

Sobierajski, Tomasz; Mazińska, Beata; Chajęcka‐Wierzchowska, Wioleta; Smiałek, M; Hryniewicz, Waleria

doi:10.3390/antibiotics11010115

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Given the crucial role that healthcare professionals play as daily communicators with the general public, we think it is important that students completing their healthcare course are aware of and able to communicate certain basic concepts, for example, that inappropriate use of antibiotics could harm both humans and animals and increase the prevalence of resistant strains. In addition, our results agree with other findings about knowledge of antibiotic use reported among students in China Ethiopia, Poland and Italy, as well as among adults in Jordan [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Regarding the Balkan region, single-center studies have found gaps in knowledge on antibiotic use among students of medicine and pharmacy in Croatia and among adults in Albania, Kosovo and the Republic of Macedonia [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Survey of the Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice towards Antibiotic Use among Prospective Antibiotic Prescribers in Serbia

et al. 2022

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The complex issue of antibacterial resistance (ABR) requires actions taken with the One Health approach, involving both human and veterinarian medicine. It can spread from animals to humans through the food chain or through direct contact. Health profession students, as the future antibiotic providers, can greatly impact antibiotic-related issues in the future. The study was conducted to evaluate knowledge, attitudes and practice of future antibiotic prescribers in relation to judicious use of antibiotics. This cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was performed on 400 students of health professions who were allowed to prescribe antibiotics of the University of Novi Sad, Serbia. Students of medicine and students of dentistry showed a significantly higher knowledge score compared to students of veterinary medicine (p = 0.001). Multivariate regression identified predictors of adequate antibiotic knowledge: being a female student (B = 0.571; p = 0.020), higher grade average (B = 1.204; p = 0.001), students of medicine (B = 0.802; p = 0.006) and dentistry (B = 0.769; p = 0.026), and students who used a complete package of antibiotics during the last infection (B = 0.974; p = 0.001) or for the period recommended by the doctor (B = 1.964; p = 0.001). Out of the total sample, self-medication was reported among 42.8% of students. The identified predictors of self-medication were: more frequent (B = 0.587; p = 0.001) and irregular (B = 0.719; p = 0.007) antibiotic use, taking antibiotics until symptoms disappeared (B = 2.142; p = 0.001) or until the bottle was finished (B = 1.010; p = 0.001) during the last infection. It seems prudent to reevaluate the educational curricula regarding antibiotic use and ABR of prospective prescribers in Serbia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Survey of the Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice towards Antibiotic Use among Prospective Antibiotic Prescribers in Serbia

et al. 2022

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“…A study states 1 in 4 UK dogs (25.2%, 95% CI: 25.1–25.3%) were treated with antibiotics in a two-year period [ 44 ]. Even though the vast majority of veterinarians are aware of the fact that improper AMU contributes to selection for AMR, and that it is a significant problem according to nationwide surveys [ 45 , 46 ], there are many factors that influence the antibiotic prescription preferences of veterinarians in addition to the perspectives of antimicrobial stewardship [ 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canine Saliva as a Possible Source of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes

Tóth

Rózsa³

et al. 2022

Antibiotics

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While the One Health issues of intensive animal farming are commonly discussed, keeping companion animals is less associated with the interspecies headway of antimicrobial resistance. With the constant advance in veterinary standards, antibiotics are regularly applied in companion animal medicine. Due to the close coexistence of dogs and humans, dog bites and other casual encounters with dog saliva (e.g., licking the owner) are common. According to our metagenome study, based on 26 new generation sequencing canine saliva datasets from 2020 and 2021 reposited in NCBI SRA by The 10,000 Dog Genome Consortium and the Broad Institute within Darwin’s Ark project, canine saliva is rich in bacteria with predictably transferable antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs). In the genome of potentially pathogenic Bacteroides, Capnocytophaga, Corynebacterium, Fusobacterium, Pasteurella, Porphyromonas, Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species, which are some of the most relevant bacteria in dog bite infections, ARGs against aminoglycosides, carbapenems, cephalosporins, glycylcyclines, lincosamides, macrolides, oxazolidinone, penams, phenicols, pleuromutilins, streptogramins, sulfonamides and tetracyclines could be identified. Several ARGs, including ones against amoxicillin–clavulanate, the most commonly applied antimicrobial agent for dog bites, were predicted to be potentially transferable based on their association with mobile genetic elements (e.g., plasmids, prophages and integrated mobile genetic elements). According to our findings, canine saliva may be a source of transfer for ARG-rich bacteria that can either colonize the human body or transport ARGs to the host bacteriota, and thus can be considered as a risk in the spread of antimicrobial resistance.

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“…A study states, 1 in 4 UK dogs (25.2%, 95% CI: 25.1-25.3%) was treated with antibiotics in a two-year period 41 . Even though, the vast majority of veterinarians are aware of the fact that improper AMU contributed to selection for antimicrobial resistance and that AMR is a significant problem according to nationwide surveys 42,43 , there are many factors that influence the antibiotics 7/13 prescription preferences of veterinarians besides the perspectives of antimicrobial stewardship. According to a study conducted in Australia, veterinarians often report client pressure to prescribe antibiotics as the most significant factor limiting antibiotic stewardship goals 44 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canine saliva is a source of interspecies antimicrobial resistance gene transfer

Tóth

Rózsa

et al. 2022

Preprint

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While the One Health issues of intensive animal farming are commonly discussed, keeping companion animals is less associated with the interspecies headway of antimicrobial resistance. With the constant advance of veterinary standards, antibiotics are regularly applied in companion animal medicine. Due to the close coexistence of dogs and humans, dog bites and other casual encounters with dog saliva (e.g. licking the owner) are common. According to our metagenome studies based on 47 new generation sequencing canine saliva datasets from 2020 and 2021 reposited in NCBI SRA by The 10,000 Dog Genome Consortium and the Broad Institute, canine saliva is rich in bacteria with predictably transferable antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs). In the genome of potentially pathogenic Bacteroides, Capnocytophaga, Corynebacterium, Fusobacterium, Pasteurella, Porphyromonas, Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species, that are some of the most relevant bacteria in dog bite infections, ARGs against aminoglycosides, carbapenems, cephalosporins, elfamycin, glycylcyclines, lincosamides, macrolides, oxazolidinone, penams, phenicols, pleuromutilins, streptogramins, sulfonamides and tetracyclines could be identified. Several ARGs, including ones against amoxicillin clavulanate, the most commonly applied antibiotic by dog bites, was predicted to be potentially transferable based on their association with mobile genetic elements (e.g. plasmids, phages, integrated mobile genetic elements). According to our findings, canine saliva may be a source of transfer of ARG-rich bacteria, that can either colonize the human body or transport ARGs to the host bacteriota and thus can be considered as a risk in the spread of antimicrobial resistance.

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Antimicrobial and Antibiotic Resistance from the Perspective of Polish Veterinary Students: An Inter-University Study

Cited by 11 publications

References 43 publications

Survey of the Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice towards Antibiotic Use among Prospective Antibiotic Prescribers in Serbia

Survey of the Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice towards Antibiotic Use among Prospective Antibiotic Prescribers in Serbia

Canine Saliva as a Possible Source of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes

Canine saliva is a source of interspecies antimicrobial resistance gene transfer

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